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GEO GRAPHICAL VARIA TION O F BI RD SON G
AND I TS TAXONOMICAL SENSE
L EI Fu2Min
( Instit ute of Zoology , the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100080)
Abs t r act
Bi rd song as one of the most important features is now a new discipline integrated by Avi2be2
havior and Acoustic. With the development of modern recording and sonagrap h technology ,stud2
ies on bi rd song have stepped into various areas of bi rd researches . Geograp hic variation of bi rd
song ,sometimes called“dialect”, has species2specific stability and individuality. It is closely relat2
ed with pop ulation genetic st ructure ,envi ronment heterogeneity and song learning. Dialect consid2
ered partially as bar riers to dispersal could hind the gene drif t , and thus interfere the gene pool of
pop ulation. Long time geograp hic isolation and breeding isolation might lead to the p roduce and
differenciation of local pop ulation (or subspecies) and might affect the speciation. The paper sim2
ply int roduced the geograp hic variation of bi rd song studied in the world cur rently , the basic defi2
nition and biology of bi rd song dialect , the effect on pop ulation song st ructure by habitats , the
origin and maintenance as well as the development of song dialect , the reationship between song
dialect and genetic pop ulation st ructure and its taxonomical sense and so on.
Ke y wor ds bi rd song ,geograp hical variation , dialect , taxonomy.
24 0 動 物 分 類 學 報 24 卷
第33 卷第1 期
2010 年3 月
遼寧師范大學學報(自然科學版)
Journal of Liaoning Normal University (Natural Science Edition)
Vol . 33 No. 1
Mar. 2010
文章編號:100021735 (2010) 0120108204
鳥鳴叫聲特征提取方法的研究
偉利國1 , 張小超1 , 吳文彪2
(1. 中國農業機械化科學研究院,北京 100083 ; 2. 國家農業信息化工程技術研究中心,北京 100097)
摘 要:鳥鳴叫聲的研究和分析方法對開展鳥類學工作有極其重要的作用. 通過對鳥鳴叫聲進行功率譜分析、聲譜分
析、Mel 倒譜分析和主成分分析,從而對鳥鳴叫聲特征參數進行提取,為鳥鳴叫聲的個體識別以及鳴叫聲與鳥類行為
的關系研究提供了有力的技術支持.
關鍵詞:鳥鳴聲;聲譜;Mel 倒譜;主成分分析
中圖分類號: TN912 文獻標識碼:A
收稿日期:2009210230
基金項目:國家高技術研究發展計劃(863 計劃) 項目(2007AA10Z240)
作者簡介:偉利國(19782 ) ,男,遼寧寬甸人,中國農業機械化科學研究院高級工程師,碩士.
1 引言
鳥鳴叫聲研究已成為鳥類行為與聲學研究相互交叉、相互滲透的新的邊緣學科[122 ] . 鳥聲作為鳥類
重要的生物學特征之一,從本世紀30 年代已經開展了一些研究工作,到1992 年為止,全世界所有鳥類
的2/ 3 已被錄到叫聲. 鳥鳴叫聲是一種非常重要的鳥類行為學特征,不同的鳴叫聲具有不同的行為意
義. 在鳥鳴叫聲的個體識別以及鳴叫聲與鳥類行為的關系研究中,都需要從鳥鳴叫聲信號波形中提取特
征參數,采用單一的特征參數無法描述鳴叫聲中豐富的行為意義和個性特征,需要將多種特征參數組合
使用[ 324 ] . 本文介紹了鳥鳴叫聲中多種特征參數的提取方法,為鳥鳴叫聲研究提取提供了有力的技術
支持.
2 鳥鳴叫聲聲學特征
鳥類鳴叫聲聲學形狀描述的參數包括[529 ] :音節庫的數量和組成,音節聲長( sound lengt h ,SL) ,間
歇(interval time , IT) ,每單個音節的脈沖個數(p ulse group ,PG) ,脈沖持續時間(p ulse duration , PD) ,
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