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means of a distance scale using great circle distances or other commonly agreed distances. The element of aircraft
weight should be applied by means of a weight scale using broad intervals which should be standardized so far as
possible. This weight scale should take into account, less than proportionately, the relative productive capacities of the
different aircraft types concerned.
9. Further aspects of currency conversion, remittance of earnings and payment of local expenses are contained in Policy and
Guidance Material on the Economic Regulation of International Air Transport (Doc 9587).
III. ICAO’s Policies on Charges for Air Navigation Services 19
52. The Council recognizes, however, without prejudice to the guidelines provided above, which constitute a
charging system for general application, that:
i) The characteristics of a given airspace will determine the most appropriate charging method for that
airspace, having regard to the type of traffic, the distances flown, and the characteristics of the aircraft
in that airspace.
ii) When the distance flown and/or the aircraft types are reasonably homogeneous, the distance and
weight elements may be separately or jointly neglected as the case may be.
iii) In some circumstances, it may be considered appropriate to use a combination of a flat charge per
flight and a charge based on the parameters recommended above in recognition of an element of
fixed costs in providing air traffic services.
Charges for air navigation services used by aircraft
when not over the provider State
53. The Council observes that the providers of air navigation services for international use may require all
users to pay their share of the cost of providing them regardless of whether or not the utilization takes place over the
territory of the provider State. Accordingly, wherever a State has accepted the responsibility for providing route air
navigation services over another State, over the high seas, or in an airspace of undetermined sovereignty (in
accordance with the provisions of ICAO Annex 11 — Air Traffic Services to the Convention on International Civil Aviation
and Regional Air Navigation Agreements approved by the Council), the State concerned may levy charges on all users
for the services provided. A State may delegate to another State or to an organization the authority to levy such charges
on its behalf.
54. The Council also notes that the collection of air navigation services charges in cases where the aircraft
does not fly over the provider State poses difficult and complex problems. It is for the States to find the appropriate kind
of machinery on a bilateral or regional basis for meetings between provider States and those of the users, aiming to
reach as much agreement as possible concerning the facilities and services provided, the charges to be levied, and the
methods of collecting these charges.
— — — — — — — —

21
Appendix 1
GUIDE TO THE FACILITIES AND SERVICES TO BE TAKEN INTO
ACCOUNT IN DETERMINING AIRPORT COSTS1
Approach, landing and take-off facilities and services
Landing area with cleared approaches and taxiways with necessary drainage, fencing, etc. Also, lights for approach,
landing, taxiing and take-off, as well as communications and other special aids for approach, landing and take-off
(sometimes provided by other than the airport operator).
Approach and aerodrome control: air traffic control for approach, landing, taxiing and take-off with necessary
communications, navigation and surveillance supporting services. (Approach and aerodrome control is sometimes partly
or wholly provided by other than the airport operator. See also Appendix 2.)
Meteorological services (frequently provided by an entity other than the airport operator). (See also Appendix 2 as to
when an allocation of the costs of these services, proportional to their utilization for airport operations, should be
considered.)
Fire and ambulance service in attendance.
Terminals, aircraft parking space, hangars and other facilities
and services provided for aircraft operators
Passenger and public waiting rooms and concourses with necessary heating, lighting, janitor service, approach roads,
etc.
Accommodation for air carrier offices, traffic counters and air crews, and for the handling of passengers and cargo.
Assistance in handling passengers and cargo, and necessary equipment.
Special servicing of aircraft (air conditioning, cleaning, etc.).
Towing and other handling of aircraft.
Space for parking and long-term storage of aircraft.
Hangar, workshop, stores, garage and other technical accommodation.
Land leased to aircraft operators for various purposes.
　
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