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undetected by BITE will be kept to a minimum. The BITE will be capable of
isolating faults down to LRU level in most fault cases.
2.1.11.2.1 BITE Requirements
BITE functionality is integrated into the different equipment in order to avoid
external test equipment for stimuli and measuring purposes. BITE functions
do not interfere with the operational of the system.
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2.1.11.2.2 BITE Functions include:
• Intelligent wind sensor is offered with BITE functions. Results are
continuously received and checked by the Remote Station in the form
of Status messages.
• *Sensor data is checked both for data format errors and for data quality
errors. Error checks include sampling the status information provided
by the sensors.
• Remote station serial interface to Wind Sensor can be tested by
executing a loop-back command that results in receiving characters
transmitted on the Tx line. This way serial interface errors can be
differentiated from sensor errors.
• *Remote station basic operational parameters, such as availability of
mains supply, internal enclosure temperature, battery status, EPROM
CRC etc are monitored and the results are reported back
• Full Remote Station testing facilities, including built-in software and
hardware diagnostic functions, are available through a Maintenance
Interface Port. Operational status, current sensor data and raw sensor
data can be displayed.
• Radio BITE features are available through a serial interface.
• *Remote Station radio communication quality can be tested using a
built-in Bit Error Rate Mode. This mode can be activated by a remote
command.
• Communication ports are tested by heart beat packets sent between
computers
• Analog signals are tested to cross acceptable low and high levels
• Watchdog cards in all PCs and Remote Stations test fatal system
errors. Automatic restarts are generated after error detection.
• RAM memory is tested in PCs and the Remote Stations at system
reset.
• All memory components in the Remote Stations are checksum tested at
system reset.
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• Software execution integrity is tested and fault information including
Detailed CPU instruction information) logged prior to watchdog
intervention.
Note: BITE functions marked * are sufficient to satisfy the latest FAA
LLWAS Remote Station BITE requirements. Additional BITE was added by
Almos to further simplify installation and maintenance.
2.1.11.2.3 Features:
Unit Fault
detectio
n
Isolation False
Alarm
Sensor Yes Automatic No
Remote
Station
Yes Automatic Communication link
fault can be isolated by
communication LEDs
No
Server
computer
Yes Automatic. Communication
link fault can be isolated by
communication LEDs on
modems and network hub.
No
Workstation Yes As above No
Printer Yes Semi-automatic, as provided by
manufacturer (Status display
indicates LRU fault).
No
2.1.11.3 Site Performance Evaluation System (SPES)
A very attractive module is the Site Performance Evaluation System (SPES). This
software module runs a Data Quality Analysis algorithm developed by MIT’s
Lincoln Laboratories to analyse the performance of the wind sensors in real
time. The algorithm compares the raw values of all sensors to the network
mean and then makes judgments about possible siting problems or accuracy
problems with each sensor.
Provided as a standard item with Almos LLWAS systems, is an additional PC
for the purpose of running and displaying SPES Data Quality Analysis.
The additional SPES workstation provides technical monitoring facilities for
network data quality analysis. An additional MetConsole component
(Module) is installed and configured on the server pair for processing of SPES
data.
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2.1.11.3.1 Introduction
The integrity of wind data received from each remote weather station is
evaluated by the SPES. This is achieved by constantly comparing the wind
speed and direction information received from each station with the overall
network mean values.
Note
For a data poll to be valid for SPES, there must not be a
windshear or microburst indicated on the LLWAS system.
Also, the wind speed must be greater than 3 metres per
　
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