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the wax it contains to begin to solidify and separate out into tiny crystals. These tiny crystals cause the
material to appear cloudy.
clove hitch. A knot used to make individual spot ties for securing a bundle of electrical wires in an aircraft.
A clove hitch is actually two half hitches around the wire bundle secured with a square knot.
club propeller. A short, stubby propeller used for testing an aircraft engine after it has been overhauled.
Club propellers impose the correct load on the engine, and they move the maximum volume of cooling air
through the cylinder fins.
cluster weld (aircraft construction). A welded joint in an aircraft steel-tube fuselage made where a
number of tubes meet at a common point.
clutch. A component in a machine that connects or disconnects parts while they are moving. Clutches may
be actuated by mechanical levers, hydraulic actuators, centrifugal force, or electromagnetism.
clutter (radar operation). The reception and visual display of radar returns caused by precipitation, chaff,
terrain, numerous aircraft targets, or other phenomena.
coalesce. To come together, or unite, to form a whole unit. In a water separator, such as used in an air-cycle
air conditioning system, tiny droplets of water suspended in the air are forced to coalesce, or join together,
to form large drops of water that separate from the air.
coalescent bag (air conditioning system component). A porous bag in the water separator of an air-cycle
air conditioning system which traps water from the air.
coastal fix. A navigation aid or intersection where an aircraft transitions between the domestic route
structure and the ocean route structure.
coast-down check (gas turbine engine maintenance check). A check of the length of time needed for a
gas turbine engine to coast to a complete stop after the fuel is shut off when the engine is operating at its
idle speed.
The measured coast-down time is compared with the time specified in the engine operations
manual to determine the condition of the engine.
coated cathode (electron tube component). A cathode of an electron tube which is covered with a
material that emits a great many electrons when it is heated.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 133
coaxial. Rotating about the same axis. Coaxial rotors of a helicopter are mounted on concentric shafts in
such a way that they turn in opposite directions to cancel torque.
coaxial cable (electrical cable). A type of two-conductor electrical cable in which a center conductor is
held rigidly in the center of a braided shield which serves as the outer conductor.
The term coaxial cable comes from the fact that the two conductors are coaxial — they have the
same center. Coaxial cable, or coax, as it is normally called, is used for attaching radio receivers and
transmitters to their antenna.
coaxial propellers. Propellers of a multiengine airplane mounted on concentric propeller shafts. The
engines are mounted side-by-side and drive the propeller shafts through gears.
Coaxial propellers, turning in opposite directions, allow the torque produced by one propeller to
counteract the torque caused by the other.
coaxial rotors (helicopter rotors). A rotor system in which two rotors are mounted on the helicopter, on
concentric shafts, in such a way that they turn in opposite directions — their torques cancel.
coaxial shafts. Two or more shafts that have the same axis — they are concentric with each other.
The hands of an analog watch are mounted on coaxial shafts.
cobalt. A hard, brittle, metallic chemical element. Cobalt’s symbol is Co, its atomic number is 27, and its
atomic weight is 58.93. Cobalt is used as an alloying element in permanent magnets.
cobalt chloride. A dye used with silica-gel in a dehydrator to indicate the presence of moisture.
When cobalt chloride is dry, it is deep blue in color, but when it absorbs water, it turns pink. If a
dehydrator element is blue, the component it protects is dry. But if moisture gets into it, the silica-gel
absorbs some of the moisture, and the cobalt chloride turns pink.
COBOL (computer language). A high-level computer language whose command signals are similar to
English commands. The acronym COBOL is taken from COmmon Business Oriented Language.
cock. The British term for a valve used to stop or control the flow of fluid in a fluid line.
cockpit. The portion of an aircraft or a spacecraft from which the flight crew controls the vehicle.
code markings (aircraft plumbing). Markings on fluid lines made with colored tape on which words and
geometric symbols are used to identify the type of fluid carried in the lines.
codes, transponder. The number assigned to a particular multiple-pulse reply signal transmitted by a radar
　
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