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coordination fix (air traffic control). The fix in relation to the facilities which will hand off, transfer
control of an aircraft, or coordinate flight progress data. For terminal facilities, the coordination fix may
also serve as a clearance for arriving aircraft.
copal resins. Hard, natural resins that come from trees grown in the East Indies, South America, and Africa.
Copal resins are soluble in alcohol, linseed oil, and turpentine, and are used in the manufacture of some
types of aircraft finishes.
copilot (aircraft flight crewmember). A person who assists the pilot in flying an aircraft, but is not in
command of the aircraft.
coping saw. A small, wood-cutting handsaw that uses a replaceable blade only about 1/8-inch wide. The
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 158
blade is held under tension in the jaws of a U-shaped frame that has a handle in line with the blade. Coping
saws are used to cut curves in thin wood.
copper. A ductile, malleable, reddish-brown, metallic chemical element. Copper’s symbol is Cu, its atomic
number is 29, and its atomic weight is 63.546. Copper is one of our most important nonferrous metals. It is
heavy, ductile, and malleable and has excellent electrical and thermal conductivity.
Copper is used as a pure metal and as an alloy for other metals. One of copper’s widest uses is in
the manufacture of electrical wire.
copper brazing. A method of brazing in which copper is used as the filler metal.
Steel parts to be brazed are put together with as little space as possible between them. Copper is
melted along the edges of the steel parts, and as the molten copper wets the steel, capillary action pulls the
molten copper between the steel parts. When the copper cools, it solidifies and forms a tight bond between
the steel parts.
copper-constantan thermocouple. A thermocouple combination used to measure temperatures up to about
300°C. Copper forms the positive element, and constantan, the negative.
copper crush gasket. A copper gasket used to form a leakproof seal between components that operate at a
high temperature. The gasket is made of a hollow copper ring formed around a ring of asbestos.
When the component to be sealed is tightened down on the gasket, the asbestos compresses, and
the surfaces press into the soft copper and form a leakproof seal.
copper loss (electrical loss). Energy loss caused by heat produced when current flows through the
windings of an electric motor.
copper-oxide rectifier (electrical component). A rectifier that allows electrons to pass in one direction,
but opposes their flow in the opposite direction.
An oxide film is formed on a disk of copper, and a disk of lead is pressed tightly against the oxide.
A barrier exists between the copper and the copper oxide that allows electrons to pass from the copper
through the oxide to the lead; but they cannot pass from the lead through the oxide and the barrier to the
copper.
copperweld (electrical wire). A high-strength electrical conductor made by plating a steel wire with
copper. Copperweld is used for high-voltage transmission line, and for certain types of radio antenna where
high strength is more important than maximum conductivity.
core engine (gas turbine engine). The gas generator portion of a gas turbine engine. The core engine
consists of the portion of the compressor used to supply air for the operation of the engine, the diffuser, the
combustors, the turbine nozzle, and the stages of the turbine used to drive the compressor.
The core engine provides the high-velocity gas used to drive the fan and any free turbines that
provide power for propellers, rotors, pumps, or generators.
core speed sensor (gas turbine engine instrument component). The tachometer used to measure the
speed of the high-pressure compressor (N2) of a two-spool gas turbine engine.
Coriolis effect (helicopter rotor condition). The change in rotor blade velocity to compensate for a
change in the distance between the center of mass of the rotor blade and the axis of rotation of the blade as
the blades flap in flight.
Coriolis force (meteorology). A force which acts on a particle while it is moving along a path in a plane
that is being rotated. For example, when wind blows along a path over the surface of the earth from the
poles toward the equator, the rotation of the earth causes the wind to deflect to the right in the northern
hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere.
It is the Coriolis force that causes the circular movement of the winds. It is also the Coriolis force
that causes water to swirl in a spiral as it drains out the bottom of a bowl.
cork. The tough, resilient, lightweight bark of the cork oak tree. Cork was used in some of the older aircraft
　
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