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metering system.
buttock line (aircraft lofting term). A line used to locate a position to the right or left of the center line of
an aircraft structure. Buttock lines, or butt lines, are identified by their distance in inches to the right or left
of buttock line zero, which is the center line of the structure. Buttock line 12R is 12 inches to the right
(facing forward) of the center line.
Butyl. The trade name for a synthetic rubber product made by the polymerization of isobutylene. Butyl
withstands such potent chemicals as phosphate-ester-base (Skydrol) hydraulic fluids.
butyrate dope. An aircraft finishing product having a film base of cellulose fibers dissolved in a mixture of
acetic and butric acids. Butyrate dope, also called CAB (cellulose-acetate, butyrate) dope, contains, in
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addition to the film base, the necessary solvents, thinners, and plasticizers to make it bond to the fabric and
shrink it.
Butyrate dope has, to a great extent, replaced nitrate dope because it is less flammable than nitrate.
Buys Ballot’s law (meteorology). A law of meteorology that helps understand the circulation of the wind.
Buys Ballot’s law states that if, in the northern hemisphere, we stand with the wind striking us at our back,
the center of the low-pressure area, around which the wind is blowing, is ahead of us and to our left.
bypass capacitor (electrical circuit component). A capacitor that provides a low-impedance path for
alternating current to flow around, or bypass, a circuit component which is being used to produce a DC
voltage drop.
bypass engine (type of gas turbine engine). A gas turbine engine in which a portion of the air moved by
the first stages of the compressor bypasses the combustion chambers of the engine and mixes with the hot
gases in the tail pipe. A turbofan engine is a bypass engine.
bypass ratio (turbofan engine specification). The ratio of the mass airflow, in pounds per second, through
the fan section of a turbofan engine to the mass airflow that passes through the gas generator portion of the
engine.
bypass valve (fluid power system). A valve used to maintain a specific pressure in a fluid power system
by bypassing some of the fluid back to the inlet of the system-pressure pump.
Engine oil pressure in most aircraft engines is maintained at the correct value by the use of a
bypass valve.
byte (digital computer term). A group of binary digits (bits) operated on as a unit. A byte normally
consists of eight bits.
C
cabane (airplane structure). An arrangement of struts or other supporting structure that holds the wing of
an airplane above the fuselage.
A high-wing monoplane whose wing is held above the fuselage with a cabane is called a parasol
monoplane.
cabin (aircraft structure). The portion of an aircraft structure in which the passengers ride.
cabin altitude. The equivalent altitude at which the cabin pressure of a pressurized aircraft is maintained.
If the aircraft is flying at an altitude of 20,000 feet, the cabin can be pressurized so its pressure is the same
as that which exists at 10,000 feet.
cabin differential pressure. The difference in the pressure inside the cabin of a pressurized aircraft and the
pressure of the air outside of the cabin. The maximum cabin differential pressure that can be maintained is
determined by the strength of the aircraft structure.
cabinet file (cutting tool). A coarse file with one flat face and one convex, or rounded, face. A cabinet file,
also called a half-round file, is used for both metalworking and woodworking.
cabin pressure regulator (pressurization system component). The regulator in an aircraft pressurization
system that controls the position of the outflow valve to maintain the air in the cabin at the desired pressure.
cabin supercharger. An air compressor which supplies compressed air to pressurize the cabin of an
aircraft.
Pressurization is needed when aircraft fly at high altitudes. If the cabin is not pressurized, the
occupants must use supplemental oxygen.
cable (electrical). A piece of stranded wire or a number of individually insulated wires enclosed in single
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bundle or group.
cable guard (aircraft control cable component). A pin in a control-cable pulley bracket that prevents the
cable moving out of the pulley groove when cable tension is loosened.
cable rigging tension chart (aircraft control cable). A chart, normally included in an aircraft
maintenance manual, that shows the proper control cable tension for any given ambient air temperature.
cadmium. A silvery-white, malleable, ductile, metallic chemical element. Cadmium’s symbol is Cd, its
　
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