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automatic. An operation with the ability to perform by itself. An automatic operation has all the necessary
signals built into it so that it performs its function without any external decisions having to be made.
automatic adjuster (aircraft brake component). A subsystem in an aircraft disk brake that compensates
for disk or lining wear.
Each time the brakes are applied, the automatic adjuster is reset for zero clearance, and when the
brakes are released, the clearance between the disks or the disk and lining is returned to a preset value.
automatic altitude reporting. A function of a radar beacon transponder that responds to Mode C
interrogations by transmitting the aircraft’s altitude in 100-foot increments.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 53
automatic direction finder. See ADF.
automatic flight control system. See AFCS.
automatic frequency control (electrical power circuit). A circuit within an aircraft electrical power
system that maintains the frequency of the alternating current within specified limits.
automatic frequency control (radio receiver circuit). A circuit in a radio receiver that keeps the receiver
tuned to a desired frequency within specific limits.
automatic gain control (electronic circuit). An electronic circuit within a radio receiver that keeps the
output volume relatively constant, even though the strength of the signal picked up by the receiver changes.
automatic intake valve (reciprocating engine component). An intake valve that is opened by the low
pressure created inside the cylinder as the piston moves down. There is no mechanical means of opening it.
automatic mixture control (aircraft fuel metering system component). See AMC.
automatic pilot. An automatic flight control device that controls an aircraft about one or more of its three
axes.
The primary purpose of an autopilot is to relieve the pilot of the control of the aircraft during long
periods of flight. Automatic pilots may be directed by the human pilot, or they may be coupled to a radio
navigation signal.
automatic pilot controller. The component in an automatic pilot system that allows the human pilot to
direct the aircraft to hold a specified heading and/or altitude or to couple to one or more of the navigation
radios for cruise flight or for a landing approach. Other controls allow the pilot to command a turn, and to
trim the aircraft about any of its three axes.
automatic-reset circuit breaker. A thermally actuated electrical circuit protection device installed in some
electric motors that opens the power circuit when the motor overheats and automatically closes to restore
the circuit when the motor cools down.
Automatic-reset circuit breakers are not approved for use in aircraft electrical systems.
automatic terminal information service. See ATIS.
automatic volume control (radio receiver circuit). A circuit in a radio receiver that keeps the volume
relatively constant as the input signal strength varies.
automation (manufacturing process). A process in which various manufacturing steps are programmed
so they can be performed automatically, without requiring any input from a human operator.
automaton. A robot that can be programmed to automatically follow a predetermined set of instructions.
autopilot. See automatic pilot.
auto rich (reciprocating engine fuel air mixture). A fuel-air mixture whose ratio is kept constant in the
rich range by an automatic mixture control in the carburetor or fuel injection system.
autorotation (aircraft flight condition). The rotation of an aircraft about any of its three axes caused by
an aerodynamic force. An aircraft in a spin rotates because of an autorotative force.
autorotation (helicopter operation). Descent of a helicopter without engine power applied to its rotor. An
aerodynamic force causes the rotors to spin.
If the engine in a helicopter fails, the freewheeling unit between the engine and the rotor allows
the rotor to free-wheel, or turn without engine power, and an aerodynamic force, called an autorotative
force, turns the rotor.
A landing made in a helicopter without the use of engine power is called an autorotative landing.
14 CFR Part 1: “A rotorcraft flight condition in which the lifting rotor is driven entirely by action
of the air when the rotorcraft is in motion.”
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 54
autorotation region (helicopter rotor). The portion of the rotor disk of a helicopter which produces an
autorotative force. See autorotative force.
autorotative force. An aerodynamic force which causes an autogiro or helicopter rotor to turn when no
power is supplied to it.
　
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