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normal human ear. Audio frequencies range from about 16 hertz to 16,000 hertz.
audiovisual system (communications system). A system of communications that produces signals that
can be both seen and heard. Television is a form of audiovisual communications system.
augend (mathematics). The number in an addition problem to which another number, the addend, is
added.
augmentor. Another name for afterburner. See afterburner.
augmentor tube. A long, specially shaped, stainless steel tube mounted around the exhaust tail pipe of an
aircraft reciprocating engine.
As the exhaust gases flow through the augmentor tube, they produce a low pressure in the engine
compartment which draws cooling air into the compartment through the fins on the cylinders. Heat may be
taken from the augmentor tubes and directed through the leading edges of the wings for thermal anti-icing.
aural radio range (aerial navigation system). A navigation system that directs the pilot with an audible
signal.
The four-course, low-frequency radio range is an aural radio range. The pilot flies down the center
of the course line by positioning the aircraft so that a solid tone is heard. If the aircraft drifts to one side of
the course line, the letter N (– •) in Morse code) is heard. If it drifts to the other side, the letter A (• –) is
heard.
aural warning device. A warning device that signals the presence of a problem by emitting a signal that
can be heard.
aurora (meteorology). A luminous, radiant emission over middle and high latitudes confined to the thin air
of high altitudes and centered over the earth’s magnetic poles.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 52
These interesting sights are called “aurora borealis” (northern lights) in the northern hemisphere
and “aurora australis” (southern lights) in the southern hemisphere.
austenite. A form of iron in which a supersaturated solution of carbon is dissolved in the iron. Austenite
exists in the iron only when the iron is at a high temperature.
austenite steel. Gamma iron into which carbon can dissolve. Below its critical temperature, iron carbides
are scattered throughout the iron matrix in a physical mixture. At its critical temperature, the carbon
dissolves into the matrix and becomes a solid solution rather than a physical mixture.
authorized. Having a legal right to act in a certain way or to perform certain duties.
autoclave. A pressure vessel in which the air inside can be heated to a high temperature and the pressure
raised to a high value.
Autoclaves are used in the composite manufacturing industry to apply heat and pressure to plastic
resins. Heat and pressure decrease the amount of time needed to cure plastic resins and improve the quality
of the curing process.
autoclave molding. A method of molding laminated reinforced plastic components. The reinforced resin is
laid up over a form having the required shape and is covered with a vacuum bag. Air is pumped out of the
bag, and the entire assembly is placed in an autoclave where the temperature is raised and the air pressure is
increased. The pressure inside the autoclave forces the plastic resin into the reinforcing material and forces
out any air left in the resin.
autofeather. The portion of a propeller control system which causes the propeller to feather automatically
if the engine on which it is mounted is shut down in flight.
autogiro. A heavier-than-air rotor-wing aircraft that is sustained in the air by rotors turned by aerodynamic
forces rather than by engine power.
When the name Autogiro is spelled with a capital A, it refers to a specific series of machines built
by Juan de la Cierva or his followers.
autoignition system. A system on a turbine engine that automatically energizes the igniters to provide a
relight if the engine should flame out.
autoland approach (air traffic control). A precision instrument approach to touchdown and, in some
cases, through the landing rollout.
An autoland approach is performed by the aircraft autopilot which is receiving position
information and/or steering commands from onboard navigation equipment.
auto lean (reciprocating engine fuel-air mixture). A fuel-air mixture whose ratio is kept constant in the
lean range by an automatic mixture control in the carburetor or fuel injection system.
automated mutual-assistance vessel rescue system (air traffic control). A facility which can deliver, in
a matter of minutes, a surface picture (SURPIC) of vessels in the area of a potential or actual search and
rescue incident, including their predicted positions and their characteristics.
automated radar terminal systems. See ARTS.
　
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