V. Aerodrome Control Service
until the preceding departing aircraft has crossed the end of the runway-in-use or has started a turn or until all preceding landing aircraft are clear of the runway-in-use.
Note 1.— See Figure V-5.

Note 2.— Wake turbulence categorization of aircraft and longitudinal separation minima are contained in Section 16 and in Part VI, Section 7.
14.1.1 Lower minima than those in 14.1 may be prescribed by the appropriate ATS authority, after consultation with the operators, and taking into account such factors as:
a) runway length;
b) aerodrome layout; and
c) types of aircraft involved.
Such lower minima shall not apply:
i) between a departing aircraft and a preceding landing

aircraft;
ii)  between sunset and sunrise, or such other period between sunset and sunrise as may be prescribed;
iii) when braking action may be adversely affected by runway contaminants (e.g. slush, water, etc.);
iv) in weather conditions preventing the pilot from making an early assessment of traffic conditions on the runway.
Note.— See the Air Traffic Services Planning Manual (Doc 9426) for details of such lower minima developed by one State.
14.2 Take-off clearance may be issued to an aircraft when there is reasonable assurance that the separation in 14.1, or prescribed in accordance with 14.1.1, will exist when the aircraft commences take-off.
14.3 When an air traffic control clearance from an area control centre is required prior to take-off, the take-off clearance shall not be issued until the area control centre clearance has been transmitted to and acknowledged by the aircraft concerned. The area control centre shall forward a clearance to the aerodrome control tower with the least possible delay after receipt of a request made by the tower, or prior to such request if practicable.

14.4 Subject to 14.3, the take-off clearance shall be issued when the aircraft is ready for take-off and at or approaching the runway-in-use, and the traffic situation permits.
14.5 In the interest of expediting traffic a clearance for immediate take-off may be issued to an aircraft before it enters the runway. On acceptance of such clearance the aircraft shall taxi out to the runway and take off in one continuous movement.
15. Control of arriving aircraft

15.1 Except as provided in 15.1.1 and 16, a landing aircraft will not normally be permitted to cross the beginning of the runway on its final approach until the preceding departing aircraft has crossed the end of the runway-in-use, or has started a turn, or until all preceding landing aircraft are clear of the runway-in-use.
Note 1.— See Figure V-5.

Note 2.— Wake turbulence categorization of aircraft and longitudinal separation minima are contained in Section 16 and in Part VI, Section 7.
15.1.1 Lower minima than those in 15.1 may be pre-scribed by the appropriate ATS authority, after consultation with operators, and taking into consideration such factors as:
a)  runway length;
b)  aerodrome lay-out; and
c)  types of aircraft involved.
Such lower minima shall not apply:
i)  between sunset and sunrise, or such other period between sunset and sunrise as may be prescribed;
ii)  when braking action may be adversely affected by runway contaminants (e.g. slush, water, etc.);
iii) in weather conditions preventing the pilot from making an early assessment of traffic conditions on the runway.
Note.— See the Air Traffic Services Planning Manual (Doc 9426) for details of such lower minima developed by one State.
15.2
An aircraft may be cleared to land when there is reasonable assurance that the separation in 15.1, or prescribed in accordance with 15.1.1, will exist when the aircraft crosses the runway threshold, provided that a clearance to land shall not be issued until a preceding landing aircraft has crossed the runway threshold.
　
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