5)  Next position and time over
6)  Ensuing significant point
Section 2.— Operational information:
7)  Estimated time of arrival
8)  Endurance
Section 3.— Meteorological information:
9)  Air temperature
10) Wind direction
11) Wind speed
12) Turbulence
13) Aircraft icing
14) Humidity (if available).

15.3.2 Section 1 of the air-report is obligatory, except that elements (5) and (6) thereof may be omitted when so prescribed on the basis of regional air navigation agreements. Section 2 of the air-report, or a portion thereof, shall only be transmitted when so requested by the operator or a designated representative, or when deemed necessary by the pilot-in-command. Section 3 of the air-report shall be transmitted in accordance with Annex 3, 5.4.2.
Note.— While element (4), flight level or altitude, may, in accordance with Part II, 14.2.1, be omitted from the contents of a position report transmitted by radiotelephony when so prescribed on the basis of regional air navigation agreements, that element may not be omitted from Section 1 of an air-report.
15.4 Contents of special air-reports

15.4.1 Special air-reports shall be made by all aircraft whenever the following conditions are encountered or observed:
a)  severe turbulence; or
b)  severe icing; or
c)  severe mountain wave; or
d)  thunderstorms, without hail that are obscured, embedded, widespread or in squall-lines; or
e)  thunderstorms, with hail that are obscured, embedded, widespread or in squall-lines; or
f)  heavy duststorm or heavy sandstorm; or

6/11/97
No. 1

Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services (PANS-RAC)
g) volcanic ash cloud; or
h) pre-eruption volcanic activity or a volcanic eruption.

Note.— Pre-eruption volcanic activity in this context means unusual and/or increasing volcanic activity which could presage a volcanic eruption.
In addition, in the case of transonic and supersonic flight: i) moderate turbulence; or j) hail; or k) cumulonimbus clouds.
15.4.2 When air-ground data link is used, special air-reports shall contain the following elements:
Message type designator
Aircraft identification

Data block 1:
Latitude
Longitude
Pressure-altitude
Time

Data block 2:
Wind direction
Wind speed
Temperature
Turbulence (if available)
Humidity (if available)

Data block 3:
Condition prompting the issuance of the special air-report; to be selected from the list a) to k) presented under 15.4.1 above.

15.4.3 When voice communications are used, special air-reports shall contain the following elements:
Message type designator
Section 1.— Position information
1) Aircraft identification
2) Position

II. General Provisions
3) Time
4) Flight level or altitude

Section 3.— Meteorological information
5)  Condition prompting the issuance of the special air-report, to be selected from the list a) to k) presented under 15.4.1 above.
15.5 Compilation and transmission of air-reports by voice communications

15.5.1 Forms based on the model AIREP/AIREP SPECIAL form at Appendix 1 shall be provided for the use of flight crew in compiling the reports. The detailed instructions for reporting as given at Appendix 1, shall be complied with.
15.5.2 The detailed instructions, including the formats of messages and the phraseologies given at Appendix 1 shall be used by flight crew when transmitting air-reports and by air traffic services units when re-transmitting such reports.
Note.— Increasing use of air-reports in automated systems makes it essential that the elements of such reports be transmitted in the order and form prescribed.
　
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