1.4.1 The composition of each standard type of field, expressed as a standardized sequence of elements of data, or in some cases as a simple element, shall be as prescribed in the field tables on pages A3-5 to A3-29.
Note.— Each type of field contains at least one mandatory element and, except in Field Type 9, this is the first or only element in the field. The rules for the inclusion or omission of conditional elements are indicated in the field tables.
1.5  Structuring and punctuation

1.5.1 The beginning of the ATS data shall be indicated on page copy by an Open Bracket ‘(’, which constitutes the Start-of-ATS-Data Signal. This signal shall be used only as the printed character immediately preceding the Message Type Designator.
Note.— In teletypewriter operation using International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2, the open bracket is transmitted as the Figures Case of Signal No. 11. On some teletypewriter machines, this will print as a symbol other than ‘(’, but this variation will be local and of no consequence. Where higher level codes are employed, the character printing as ‘(’ is used.
1.5.2 The beginning of each field, other than the first, shall be indicated by a single hyphen ‘–’, which constitutes the Start-of-Field Signal. This signal shall be used only as the printed character preceding the first element of ATS data in each field.
Note.— In teletypewriter operation using International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2, the single hyphen is transmitted as the Figures Case of Signal No. 1. On some teletypewriter machines, this will print as a symbol other than ‘–’, but this variation will be local and of no consequence. Where higher level codes are employed, the character printing as ‘–’ is used.
1.5.3 Elements within a field shall be separated by an oblique stroke ‘/’ (see Note 1), or a space (sp.) (see Note 2) only where so prescribed in the field tables on pages A3-5 to A3-29.
Note 1.— In teletypewriter operation using International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2, the oblique stroke is transmitted as the Figures Case of Signal No. 24. On some teletypewriter machines, this will print as a symbol other than ‘/’, but this variation will be local and of no consequence. Where higher level codes are employed, the character printing as ‘/’ is used.
Note 2.— In teletypewriter operation using International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2, the space is transmitted as Signal No. 31. Where higher level codes are employed, the character which causes a space on page copy is to be used.
1.5.4 The end of the ATS data shall be indicated by a close bracket ‘)’, which constitutes the End-of-ATS-Data Signal. This signal shall be used only as the printed character immediately following the last field in the message.
Note.— In teletypewriter operation using International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2, the close bracket is transmitted as Signal No. 12. On some teletypewriter machines, this will
A3-3

print as a symbol other than ‘)’, but this variation will be local and of no consequence. Where higher level codes are employed, the character printing as ‘)’ is to be used.
1.5.5 When the standard ATS messages are prepared in teletypewriter form, an Alignment Function (two Carriage Returns followed by one Line Feed) shall be inserted:
a)  prior to each of the fields so annotated in the reference table on page A3-30;
b)  in Fields Type 5 (Description of Emergency), 15 (Route), 18 (Other Information), 19 (Supplementary Information), 20 (Alerting Search and Rescue Information), 21 (Radio Failure Information) and 22 (Amendment), whenever it is necessary to begin a new line on page copy (see Note). In such cases, the Alignment Function shall be inserted between two data elements and shall not divide an element.
Note.— Annex 10 prescribes that a line of teletypewriter copy shall not contain more than 69 characters.
　
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