31 2 基于有限元模擬的時效成形回彈預測
板零件。
Sallah等[26 ]首次提出熱壓罐時效成形的數學模型。 Narimetla等[27 ]建立了整體壁板時效成形的有限元模型。在加載、卸載階段 ,采用線彈性薄殼有限元模型 ;時效階段采用非線性的 Maxwell黏彈性時效應力松弛模型 ,并就時效成形的 3個階段建立了通用的數學模型。 Ho等[ 25 ,28 ]基于“統一理論”和時效動力學提出統一的時效 2蠕變本構方程 ,并使用 ABAQUS有限元分析軟件對鋁合金厚板蠕變時效成形進行回彈模擬。因此 ,時效成形有限元模擬的主要流程如圖 5所示。
圖 5 壁板時效成形有限元模擬流程 Fig15 FEM simulation process of age forming of panels
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4 結 論
(1)
大型機翼整體壁板時效成形工藝應采用雙/多級時效、振動時效等措施 ,并考慮應力位向效應 ,以提高成形的效率 ,降低回彈 ,提高成形后壁板材料的綜合性能。
(2)
大型機翼整體壁板時效成形所用到的成形工裝 ,應采用模塊化、標準化、柔性化的設計和制造方法 ,以提高成形設備的設計制造效率和適用范圍 ,降低制造難度。
(3)
回彈是大型機翼整體壁板時效成形中的關鍵問題 ,需研究壁板時效成形有限元模擬方法 ,并建立準確的蠕變 2應力松弛本構方程 ,以準確預測壁板零件的時效成形回彈。
(4)大型機翼整體壁板制造是大型飛機研制
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