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Prefl ight planning for any fl ight where a water landing is
possible should include personal fl otation devices for the
pilot and occupants. A hook knife should also be accessible
for the pilot and passenger. A beach or landing spot where
an emergency landing can be made on land, is preferred
to landing in water. If a water landing must be made,
the aircraft should be positioned close to land in shallow
water, if possible, preferably four to fi ve feet deep to use
as a cushion but still deep enough to stand in with the head
above water.
With any altitude above the water, preparations should be
made to get rid of any items that would make it more diffi cult
to exit the WSC aircraft and swim once it enters the water.
This would include removing boots for swimming, discarding
any camera lanyards, headphones, or other unnecessary
items that could hinder the exit from the WSC aircraft once
underwater.
There are not many actual accounts of WSC aircraft ditching
in water, but all accounts at stalling above the water or fl ying
it in at minimum controlled airspeed stops the WSC aircraft
abruptly and puts the occupants under water immediately.
Depending on the speed, the WSC could tumble over the
water before stopping. Another account of a BPS deployment
provided a successful entry into the water. In any event,
the pilot and passenger would most likely be under water
immediately and disorientated. There are two alternate
techniques that have been successfully used for ditching in
the water:
• Flying to the water and stalling just above the
surface
• Using the BPS
Stalling Just Above the Water’s Surface
With a stronger wind, fl ying to the water and stalling just
above the surface is a viable alternative to landing in the
water. It has been done a number of times successfully. The
WSC aircraft should be fl own directly into the wind to slow
down the groundspeed as much as practical. Once the wheels
are close to the water surface just above minimum controlled
airspeed, abruptly push the control bar out to enter the water
at the slowest speed possible. Take a deep breath and hold it
before hitting the water.
Using the BPS
An alternate water landing technique is to use the BPS. This
should not be used in calm winds because the parachute
would come down over the WSC aircraft and the lines could
entangle the occupants during the escape. A slight breeze or
greater wind (some ripples on the water) is needed for this
technique so the parachute does not come down directly
onto the WSC aircraft. Use the BPS deployment technique
discussed earlier. Take a deep breath and hold it before
hitting the water.
Once Under Water in the WSC Aircraft
Once in the water, immediately release the seat belt, free
yourself and passenger of any restrictions, and swim to the
surface. If disoriented, swim toward light or follow bubbles
upward to the surface. The WSC will be sinking, so escape
must be made quickly. The control bar must be pushed
forward at all costs to release the pilot to exit the aircraft
and swim to the surface. The forces of the water could push
the control bar back and pin the front seat/pilot into the seat.
If the landing is in shallow water, the pressure pinning the
pilot into the seat may stop when the WSC aircraft sinks to
the bottom.
Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear
For any fl ight away from the airport, basic supplies should be
carried in case there is engine failure. At a minimum, supplies
should include a mobile phone/radio for retrieval, clothes
appropriate for the environment, ropes to tie down the WSC
aircraft, cash/valid credit cards, and food/water.
In the case of fl ying cross-country or over remote areas,
emergency equipment should be carried for a possible
extended period of being stranded. In addition to the basics
listed above, suplies for the appropriate time in the elements
should be carried. Survival gear for protection from the
elements should include clothing for hot and cold climates,
as applicable. Without proper clothing, someone can die
within hours from hypothermia or heat exhaustion. Water
is also very important for survival. Food is important, but a
person can survive over a week without it. Additional items
to include are a knife, signal mirror, extra portable radio and
batteries, emergency smoke/fl ares, and a large space blanket
doubling as tarp.
Other items specifi c to unique terrain and climate zone should
also be considered. For mountain terrain, a saw, shovel,
water purifi er, and 100-foot rope would be appropriate. For
　
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