Response to GPWS/TAWS – Pull-Up Maneuver Training
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Unexpected (E)GPWS / TAWS warning
This scenario should be included in the LOFT session that is normally programmed at the end of the transition course, and also during recurrent training LOFT sessions.
Objectives:
To maintain crew awareness of the CFIT hazard, and to confirm crew proficiency in responding to a (E)GPWS / TAWS warning.
Briefing: 
None.
Initial conditions: 
Establish either clean configuration or initial-approach configuration and the associated maneuvering speed, at maximum landing weight, in level flight or descending.
Procedure:
Clear the aircraft to descend to an altitude below the MSA or provide radar vectors towards high ground.
If flight crew take corrective action before any (E)GPWS / TAWS warning (as expected), an "electronic mountain" can be inserted at a later stage in the session at an appropriate time.
Verify the crew response to (E)GPWS / TAWS, and the crew coordination during the avoidance maneuver.
Debriefing: 
Review the exercise, as appropriate.
Summary of key points
The following key points should be highlighted when discussing CFIT awareness and response to a (E)GPWS / TAWS warning:
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Horizontal situational awareness and vertical situational awareness must be maintained at all times ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 );

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Preventive actions must be (ideally) taken before (E)GPWS / TAWS warning;

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Response by PF must be immediate ( Figure 2 );

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PNF must monitor and call the radio altitude and its trend throughout the terrain avoidance maneuver;

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Pull-up maneuver must be continued at maximum climb performance until warning has ceased and terrain is cleared, as indicated by a steadily increasing radio-altimeter reading ( Figure 2 ).

Associated Briefing Notes
The following Briefing Notes should be reviewed along with the above information to complete the CFIT awareness and training program:
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1.1 - Operating Philosophy - SOPs,

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1.2 - Optimum Use of Automation,

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2.3 - Effective Crew/ATC Communications,

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3.1 - Altimeter Setting – Use of Radio       Altimeter,

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3.2 - Altitude deviations,

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5.2 - Terrain Awareness,

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7.1 - Flying Stabilized Approaches,

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7.2 - Flying Constant-angle Non-precision Approaches,

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7.3 - Acquisition of Visual References,

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7.4 - Flying Visual Approaches.

Response to GPWS/TAWS – Pull-Up Maneuver Training
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AIRBUS INDUSTRIE
    Flight Operations Support

Regulatory References
.  
ICAO – Annex 6 – operation of Aircraft, Part I – International Commercial Air Transport – Aeroplanes, Appendix 2, 5.23.

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FAR 91.223 – Terrain awareness and warning system (TAWS).

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FAR 121.354 - Terrain awareness and warning system (TAWS).

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FAR 121.360 – Ground proximity warning system (GPWS) – Glide slope deviation alerting system.

Appendices - Figures
Figure 1
CFIT – An Encounter Avoided

Quito – Equador – March 92
Figure 2
CFIT – An Encounter Avoided

Quito – Equador – March 92 Crew response to RA Alert Light and GPWS Warning
Figure 3 Response to GPWS Warning
Conventional Aircraft Models
Figure 4 Response to GPWS Warning
Fly-by-wire Protected Aircraft Models
　
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