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along the line.
monospar wing (aircraft structure). A form of airplane wing structure which uses only one spar, or main
spanwise structural member, to carry the loads.
monostable. Having only one stable mode of operation. Any time a monostable device is disturbed from its
stable condition, it automatically returns to it.
monostable multivibrator (electronic circuit). A type of electronic oscillator that has two conditions. It is
stable in one of these conditions and tries to remain in this condition, but a special signal can cause it to
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Page 392
shift to the other. As soon as the signal is removed, it automatically returns to its first condition.
monsoon (meteorology). A wind that in summer blows from the sea to a continental interior, bringing
copious amounts of rain. In the winter this wind blows from the interior to the sea, resulting in sustained
dry weather.
Morse code. A standardized code of dots and dashes used to transmit information over wires or by radio,
using continuous wave (CW) or modulated continuous wave (MCW) radio-frequency energy. The various
letters and numbers are made up of combinations of long and short pulses of energy. The long pulses are
called dashes, and the short pulses are called dots. See International Phonetic Alphabet and Morse Code in
Appendix 4.
MOS capacitor (metal oxide semiconductor capacitor). A capacitor that uses a semiconductor material
as one plate, a thin film of silicon oxide as the dielectric, and a tiny spot of metal plated on the oxide as the
other plate. MOS capacitors used as temporary storage devices in a digital computer are called dynamic
RAMs (random access memories).
MOSFET (metal-oxide silicon field-effect transistor). A semiconductor device that consists of P-type
source and drain regions diffused into a substrate of N-type silicon. A substrate is the supporting material
on which an integrated circuit chip is built. The source and drain are on either side of a narrow channel of
N-material, and an insulating layer of silicon oxide is deposited over the substrate so it covers the source,
the drain, and the channel between them. A gate connection is formed between the source and the drain,
and it is insulated from them by the oxide film.
A control voltage applied to the gate causes the material in the channel to act as though it were
P-type material, and electrons flow from the source to the drain without having to cross a P-N junction. The
source and drain of a MOSFET serve the same functions as the emitter and collector of a bipolar transistor.
However, the source and drain can be interchanged, while the emitter and collector of a bipolar transistor
cannot.
mothball (equipment storage). A term used for the preservation of equipment or machinery. When
something is mothballed, it is sealed so moisture cannot get into it.
Desiccant materials (materials that absorb moisture) are packed inside the equipment to absorb
moisture from the air sealed in it, and the outside is covered with whatever type of protection is appropriate.
Airplanes and ships that have been declared surplus by the military are often mothballed and stored in case
they are ever needed again.
mother board (electronic equipment). A printed circuit board used in modern electronic equipment to
supply power and to carry electrical signals to other printed circuit boards that are plugged into it.
motion. Movement, the process in which objects change their position or location.
motor (verb). The act of rotating a turbine engine using the starter with the ignition system deactivated. An
engine is motored to force air through it to purge it of fuel fumes.
mountain wave (meteorology). A standing wave or lee wave on the lee, or downwind, side of a mountain
barrier.
movement area (air traffic control). The runways, taxiways, and other areas of an airport/heliport which
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are utilized for taxiing, hover taxiing, air taxiing, takeoff, and landing of aircraft, exclusive of loading
ramps and parking areas.
moving-coil meter movement (electrical instrument). An instrument that measures the current flowing
through a coil mounted and free to rotate within a magnetic field. The deflection of the coil is proportional
to the amount of current flowing through it. Moving-coil meters are normally called D’Arsonval meters.
moving target indicator. See MTI.
MRA (minimum reception altitude). The lowest altitude at which an airway intersection can be
determined.
MSA (minimum safe altitude). The minimum altitude specified in 14 CFR Part 91 for various aircraft
operations, or altitudes depicted on approach charts which provide at least 1,000 feet of obstacle clearance
　
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