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should be advised and pilots should state their
intentions.
NOTE−
OROCA is an off route altitude which provides obstruction
clearance with a 1,000 foot buffer in nonmountainous
terrain areas and a 2,000 foot buffer in designated
mountainous areas within the U.S. This altitude may not
provide signal coverage from ground based navigational
aids, air traffic control radar, or communications
coverage.
31. Adherence to Clearance
31.1When air traffic clearance has been obtained
under either the Visual or Instrument Flight Rules, the
pilot in command of the aircraft shall not deviate from
the provisions thereof unless an amended clearance is
obtained. When ATC issues a clearance or
instruction, pilots are expected to execute its
provisions upon receipt. ATC, in certain situations,
will include the word IMMEDIATELY" in a
clearance or instruction to impress urgency of an
imminent situation, and expeditious compliance by
the pilot is expected and necessary for safety. The
addition of a VFR or other restriction; i.e., climb or
descent point or time, crossing altitude, etc., does not
authorize a pilot to deviate from the route of flight or
any other provision of the ATC clearance.
31.2When a heading is assigned or a turn is
requested by ATC, pilots are expected to promptly
initiate the turn, to complete the turn, and to maintain
the new heading unless issued additional instructions.
31.3The term at pilot’s discretion" included in the
altitude information of an ATC clearance means that
ATC has offered the pilot the option to start climb or
descent when the pilot wishes, is authorized to
conduct the climb or descent at any rate, and to
temporarily level off at any intermediate altitude as
desired. However, once the aircraft has vacated an
altitude, it may not return to that altitude.
31.4When ATC has not used the term AT PILOT’S
DISCRETION" nor imposed any climb or descent
restrictions, pilots should initiate climb or descent
promptly on acknowledgement of the clearance.
Descend or climb at an optimum rate consistent with
the operating characteristics of the aircraft to
1,000feet above or below the assigned altitude, and
then attempt to descend or climb at a rate of between
500 and 1,500 fpm until the assigned altitude is
reached. If at anytime the pilot is unable to climb or
descend at a rate of at least 500 feet a minute, advise
ATC. If it is necessary to level off at an intermediate
altitude during climb or descent, advise ATC, except
when leveling off at 10,000 feet MSL on descent, or
2,500 feet above airport elevation (prior to entering a
Class C or Class D surface area), when required for
speed reduction (14 CFR Section91.117).
NOTE−
Leveling off at 10,000 feet MSL on descent or 2,500 feet
above airport elevation (prior to entering a ClassC or
Class D surface area) to comply with 14 CFR
Section91.117 airspeed restrictions is commonplace.
Controllers anticipate this action and plan accordingly.
Leveling off at any other time on climb or descent may
seriously affect air traffic handling by ATC. Consequently,
it is imperative that pilots make every effort to fulfill the
above expected actions to aid ATC in safely handling and
expediting traffic.
ENR 1.1−28 AIP
15 MAR 07 United States of America
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
31.5If the altitude information of an ATC
DESCENT clearance includes a provision to
CROSS (fix) AT" or AT OR ABOVE/BELOW
(altitude)," the manner in which the descent is
executed to comply with the crossing altitude is at the
pilot’s discretion. This authorization to descend at
pilot’s discretion is only applicable to that portion of
the flight to which the crossing altitude restriction
applies, and the pilot is expected to comply with the
crossing altitude as a provision of the clearance. Any
other clearance in which pilot execution is optional
will so state: AT PILOT’S DISCRETION."
EXAMPLE−
1.United Four Seventeen, descend and maintain
sixthousand."
NOTE−
1.The pilot is expected to commence descent upon receipt
of the clearance and to descend at the suggested rates until
reaching the assigned altitude of 6,000 feet.
EXAMPLE−
2.United Four Seventeen, descend at pilot’s discretion,
maintain six thousand."
NOTE−
2.The pilot is authorized to conduct descent within the
context of the term at pilot’s discretion as described above.
　
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