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ANNEX 16 − ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
VOLUME II − AIRCRAFT ENGINE EMISSIONS
Chapter 1
The U.S. currently has regulations prohibiting intentional fuel venting from turbojet, turbofan and
turboprop aircraft, but we do not now have a regulation preventing the intentional fuel venting from
helicopter engines.
31 JULY 08
AIP
United States of America
GEN 1.7−68
15 MAR 07
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
ANNEX 17 − SECURITY − SAFEGUARDING INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION AGAINST ACTS OF
UNLAWFUL INTERFERENCE
There are no reportable differences between U.S. regulations and the Standards and Recommended Practices contained
in this Annex.
31 JULY 08
AIP
United States of America
GEN 1.7−69
15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
ANNEX 18 − THE SAFE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS BY AIR
Adopted by the ICAO Council 6/26/81
Effective Date: 1/1/83
Applicability Date: 1/1/84
(Note: Differences are to be filed with ICAO by 6/1/83).
31 JULY 08
AIP
United States of America
GEN 1.7−70
15 MAR 07
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
PANS − OPS − 8168/611
VOLUME 1
PART III
Table III−1−1
and
Table III−1−2
The “Max speeds for visual maneuvering (Circling)” must not be applied to circling procedures in the
U.S. Comply with the airspeeds and circling restrictions in ENR 1.5, paragraphs 11.1 and 11.6, in
order to remain within obstacle protection areas. The table listed below shows aircraft categories with
an associated maximum airspeed and distance to remain within from the end of runway.
Aircraft
Category
Speeds for Circling (Kts) Circling Area Maximum Radii
from Runway Threshold (NM)
A Speed less than 91 Knots 1.3
B Speed 91 Knots or more but less than 121 Knots 1.5
C Speed 121 Knots or more but less than 141 Knots 1.7
D Speed 141 Knots or more but less than 166 Knots 2.3
E Speed 166 Knots or more 4.5
PART IV
1.2.1 The airspeeds contained in ENR 1.5 shall be used in U.S. CONTROLLED AIRSPACE.
31 JULY 08
AIP
United States of America
GEN 1.7−71
15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
PAN − ABC − DOC 8400
Differences between abbreviations used in U.S. AIP, International NOTAMs Class I and Class II, and Notices to
Airmen Publication and ICAO PANS − ABC are listed in GEN 2.2. For other U.S. listings of abbreviations
(contractions) for general use, air traffic control, and National Weather Service (NWS), which differ in some respects,
see U.S. publication Contractions Handbook (DOT/FAA Order 7340.1). In addition, various U.S. publications contain
abbreviations of terms used therein, particularly those unique to that publication.
31 JULY 08

AIP
United States of America
GEN 2.1−1
15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
GEN 2. TABLES AND CODES
GEN 2.1 Measuring System, Time System,
and Aircraft Markings
1. Units of Measurement
1.1The following table identifies the units of
measurement that have been selected for use in
messages transmitted by all U.S. aeronautical
stations, in the U.S. AIP, NOTAM dissemination, and
other publications.
2. Time System
2.1Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used in the
Air Traffic and Communication services provided
and in most documents published by the Aeronautical
Information Services.
2.2When local mean time is used, it will be so
indicated as local standard time (LST). See
FIG GEN 2.1−1 for a depiction of the standard time
zones within the continental U.S.
3. Geodetic Reference Datum
3.1All published geographic coordinates indicating
latitude and longitude are expressed in terms of the
World Geodetic System − 1984 (WGS−84) geodetic
reference datum.
4. Nationality and Registration Marks
4.1The nationality mark for the aircraft registered in
the U.S. is the letter N, followed by a series of
numbers or a series of numbers and letters.
TBL GEN 2.1−1
For Measurements of: Units used:
Distance used in navigation, position reporting, etc. − generally in
excess of 2 to 3 nautical miles
Nautical miles and tenths
Relatively short distances such as those relating to aerodrome (e.g.,
runway lengths)
Feet
Altitudes, elevations and heights Feet
Horizontal speed, including wind speed Knots
Vertical speed Feet per minute
Wind direction for landing and taking off Degrees magnetic
　
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