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- Obstacles have red flashing light at top.
Brief 23
15 20 25
10
5
RPM
0 1
2
3
4
ALT
6 5
7
8
9
VS
20
20
5 15
10
10 15
5
40
60
80
120 100
140
160
T&B
RMIT Flight Training Night Circuits
RMIT Mass Brief Night Circuits 1/2004 2
- Runway has white edge lighting with green threshold and red end lighting.
- Aircraft lighting detailed in CAO20.18, Appendix V.
Considerations:
 Go-around
- as per day, except 100% instruments.
- be aware of somatagravic illusion.
 Lighting Failures
- landing light failures will be practised
- carry portable electric torch for cockpit lighting failures.
Air Exercise:
 Pre-Flight
- conducted normally, paying particular attention to lighting.
 Start Up
- as per day, except clear prop with strobes
 Take-Off
- conducted 100% visual, as per day
- lift-off, climb out on 100% instruments
- check +ve RoC, safe IAS, maintaining RWY
 X-Wind
- conducted 75% instruments, 25% visual
 Downwind
- 50% instruments, 50% visual
 Base
- 75% visual, 25% instruments
 Final
Brief 23
RMIT Flight Training Night Circuits
RMIT Mass Brief Night Circuits 1/2004 3
- 100% visual
- use RWY lighting for approach guidance
RMIT Flight Training Night Circuits
RMIT Mass Brief Night Circuits 1/2004 4
 Landing
- RWY lights at shoulder level, power to IDLE
- watch end lights to judge FLARE and HOLDOFF
Airmanship:
- Lookout
- Remember instrument scans
- Trust instruments and be aware of illusions
- Correct handover/takeover procedure
- Be familiar with aerodrome lighting
Brief 23
RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 1
VOR INTERCEPTS
Aim: To understand the principles of conducting VOR intercepts and to use them
practically in aiding visual navigation.
Application:
- supplement visual navigation
- night rating
- instrument flying
Revision:
 Limitations of VOR system
V –
T –
A –
G –
S –
 Rated Coverage
<5000 –
5000 to 10000 –
10000 to 15000 –
Definitions:
 Command Sense
- always use the VOR as a “command” instrument to avoid confusion. This
means that HDG and OBS must be within 180 of each other.
Brief 21
RMIT Flight Training VOR Intercepts
RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 2
Principles:
 Intercept
- the following five questions will ensure accurate intercepts:
1. Where am I? (Orientation)
2. Where do I want to be?
3. Which way do I turn? (Shortest way)
4. What HDG do I take up?
5. How do I know when I’m there?
- intercepts to be conducted include: LIKE - Inbound to Inbound, and
Outbound to Outbound; UNLIKE - Inbound to Outbound, and Outbound to
Inbound.
Considerations:
 Intercept Angle
- Is at pilot’s discretion. Normally use 45 Outbound and until needle 30 of
nose for Inbound.
Air Exercise:
Airmanship:
- Taxi checks
- TIT checks
- Always ask the five questions
- Ensure DG aligned to compass
- Be aware of VOR limitations
- Limit bank angle to rate one turns
- Lookout.
Brief 21
RMIT Flight Training VOR Intercepts
Intercept Angle
VOR Intercepts
Mass Brief
Aim
• To understand the principles of conducting
VOR intercepts and to use them practically
in aiding visual navigation.
Application
• Supplement visual navigation
• Night rating
• Instrument flying
Overview
• Revision
• Definitions
• Principles
• Considerations
– Intercepts
• Air Exercise
• Airmanship
Revision
• The VOR system has various limitations and
errors that must be considered. These are:
V
A
G
A
S
T
– Vertical Polarization
– Airborne Equipment Error
– Ground Station
– Aggregate Error
– Site Error
– Terrain Effect
Revision
• VOR Checks
TI
T•
VOR Rated Coverage
< 5,000ft –
5,000ft to 10,000ft –
10,000ft to 15,000ft –
– Tune
– Identify
– Test
　
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