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OPERATING MANUAL
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AUTO FLIGHT - FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
FLIGHT PLANNING - LATERAL FUNCTIONS
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FCOM 19 AUG 10
When the holding pattern was defined by a leg time (and not a leg distance), the system
revises the size of the hold as a function of the target speed.
‐ If managed speed is active, the system uses the predicted holding speed to calculate the
size of the holding pattern.
‐ If the selected speed is active, the system uses the target speed the pilot selects at the
entry fix sequencing to calculate the size of the holding pattern.
‐ The VDEV displayed on the primary flight display and the PROG page while the aircraft is
flying in the HM (hold pattern with manual termination) is the difference between its current
altitude and the altitude at which it should be when it reaches the hold exit fix in order to be
positioned properly on the descent path.
With IMM EXIT pressed (aircraft in the holding pattern)
The predictions and guidance assume that the aircraft is returning immediately to the hold fix.
Sequencing the hold fix, the aircraft exits the holding pattern and resumes its navigation. The
flight plan page displays “RESUME HOLD*” instead of “IMM EXIT*”.
A318/A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AUTO FLIGHT - FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
FLIGHT PLANNING - LATERAL FUNCTIONS
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FCOM 19 AUG 10
HOLD EXIT PROCEDURE
Position 1 : If “IMM EXIT” pressed, aircraft will exit at next fix overfly.
Position 2 : If “IMM EXIT” pressed, aircraft will make an immediate turn to the fix where hold will
be exited.
�� If managed speed is active the computer sets the target speed to the applicable speed of
the current phase (for example, speed constraint, ECON speed, or speed limit).
The computer then bases its predictions on the assumption that the flight will continue on
the descent path if the aircraft is in a descent.
�� If DES mode is engaged
the following rules apply :
The holding pattern is never included ‐ in the descent path computation.
‐ The pilot cannot enter altitude and speed constraints at the hold exit fix. (This is only
allowed at the hold entry fix).
‐ The vertical guidance in the HM during the descent phase calls for a constant
-1 000 ft/min, but the computer considers altitude constraints that will take effect farther
down the flight path as it calculates vertical guidance and predictions. The system will not
allow the aircraft to descent below the next altitude constraint, neither the FCU selected
altitude. If the aircraft reaches the next altitude constraint, it will level off and the altitude
constraint mode will engage.
With RESUME HOLD pressed
If the pilot presses the key next to “RESUME HOLD”, the aircraft remains in the holding
pattern, and the display again shows “IMM EXIT”.
After that, each time the aircraft flies over the holding fix, the system updates the predictions
for one more holding circuit.
HOLDING PATTERN ENTRIES
The FMGS offers three types of entry into holding patterns :
1. Direct entry
2. Teardrop entry
3. Parallel entry
A318/A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AUTO FLIGHT - FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
FLIGHT PLANNING - LATERAL FUNCTIONS
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FCOM 19 AUG 10
1. The direct entry
A318/A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AUTO FLIGHT - FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
FLIGHT PLANNING - LATERAL FUNCTIONS
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FCOM 19 AUG 10
2. The teardrop entry
3. The parallel entry
Note: If the leg the aircraft is flying toward the holding fix is on a “limit” between a teardrop
entry and a parallel entry, the FMGC may compute and display either of the two
entries. The pilot should keep this in mind and not assume that the FMGC is
malfunctioning.
If the flight plan leg toward the hold entry fix is on a course that is the reciprocal of
the inbound course of the holding pattern, the aircraft will fly a parallel entry.
A318/A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW
OPERATING MANUAL
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
AUTO FLIGHT - FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
FLIGHT PLANNING - LATERAL FUNCTIONS
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FCOM 19 AUG 10
PROCEDURE TO INSERT A HOLD (HOLD WITH MANUAL TERMINATION)
The HOLD prompt allows the pilot to enter a holding patten with manual termination (HM) at the
revised waypoint or at present position.
　
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