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RUNWAY HEADING - The magnetic direction that corresponds with the runway centerline extended, not the painted runway number. When cleared to "fly or maintain runway heading," pilots are expected to fly or maintain the heading that corresponds with the extended centerline of the departure runway. Drift correction shall not be applied; e.g., Runway 4, actual magnetic heading of the runway centerline 044, fly 044.
RUNWAY IN USE/ACTIVE RUNWAY/DUTY RUNWAY - Any runway or runways currently being used for take-off or landing. When multiple runways are used, they are all considered active runways.
RUNWAY LIGHTS - (See Airport Lighting)
RUNWAY MARKINGS - (See Airport Marking Aids)
RUNWAY PROFILE DESCENT - An instrument flight rules (IFR) Air Traffic Control arrival procedure to a runway published for pilot use in graphic and/or textual form and may be associated with a Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR). Runway profile descents provide routing, and may depict crossing altitudes, speed restrictions, and headings to be flown from the enroute structure to the point where the pilot will receive clearance for and execute an instrument approach procedure. A runway profile descent may apply to more than one runway if so stated on the chart.
RUNWAY USE PROGRAM - A noise abatement runway selection plan designed to enhance noise abatement efforts with regard to airport communities for arriving and departing aircraft. These plans are developed into runway use programs and apply to all turbojet aircraft 12,500 pounds or heavier; turbojet aircraft less than 12,500 pounds are included only if the airport proprietor determines that the aircraft creates a noise problem. Runway use programs are coordinated with Federal Aviation Administration offices, and safety criteria used in these programs are developed by the Office of Flight Operations. Runway use programs are administered by the Air Traffic Service as "Formal" or "Informal" programs.
(1) Formal runway use program. An approved noise abatement program which is defined and acknowledged in a Letter of Understanding between Flight Standards, Air Traffic Service, the airport proprietor, and the users. Once established, participation in the program is mandatory for aircraft operators and pilots as provided for in Federal Air Regulations Section

91.129.
(2) Informal runway use program. An approved noise abatement program which does not require a Letter of Understanding, and participation in the program is voluntary for aircraft operators/pilots.
RUNWAY VISIBILITY VALUE - (See Visibility)
RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE/RVR (P/CG) - (See Visibility)
RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE/RVR (ICAO) - (See Visibility)
RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE (JCS, NATO) - The maximum distance in the direction of take-off or landing at which the runway, or specified lights or markers delineating it, can be seen from a position above a specified point on its centerline at a height corresponding to the average eye level of pilots at touchdown.
RVSM Airspace (FAA AC 91-RVSM) - Any airspace or route between FL290 and FL410 inclusive where aircraft are separated vertically by 1000 ft (300 m).
SAFETY ALERT - A safety alert issued by Air Traffic Control to aircraft under their control if Air Traffic Control is aware the aircraft is at an altitude which, in the controller's judgment, places the aircraft in unsafe proximity to terrain, obstructions or other aircraft. The controller may discontinue the issuance of further alerts if the pilot advises he is taking action to correct the situation or has the other aircraft in sight.
(1)
TERRAIN/OBSTRUCTION ALERT - A safety alert issued by Air Traffic Control to aircraft under their control if Air Traffic Control is aware the aircraft is at an altitude which, in the controller's judgment, places the aircraft in unsafe proximity to terrain/obstructions; e.g., “Low altitude alert, check your altitude immediately”.

(2)
AIRCRAFT CONFLICT ALERT - A safety alert issued by Air Traffic Control to aircraft under their control if Air Traffic Control is aware of an aircraft that is not under their control at an altitude which, in the controller's judgment, places both aircraft in unsafe proximity to each other. With the alert, Air Traffic Control will offer the pilot an alternate course of action when feasible, e.g., “Traffic alert, advise you turn right heading zero nine zero or climb to eight thousand immediately”.
　
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