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GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) - A space-based radio positioning, navigation, and time-transfer system. The system provides highly accurate position and velocity information, and precise time, on a continuous global basis, to an unlimited number of properly equipped users. The system is unaffected by weather, and provides a worldwide common grid reference system. The GPS concept is predicated upon accurate and continuous knowledge of the spatial position of each satellite in the system with respect to time and distance from a transmitting satellite to the user. The GPS receiver automatically selects appropriate signals from the satellites in view and translates these into three-dimensional position, velocity, and time. System accuracy for civil users is normally 100 meters horizontally.
GO AHEAD - Proceed with your message. Not to be used for any other purpose.
GO AROUND - Instructions for a pilot to abandon his approach to landing. Additional instructions may follow. Unless otherwise advised by Air Traffic Control, a VFR aircraft or an aircraft conducting visual approach should overfly the runway while climbing to traffic pattern altitude and enter the traffic pattern via the crosswind leg. A pilot on an IFR flight plan making an instrument approach should execute the published missed approach procedure or proceed as instructed by Air Traffic Control; e.g., "Go Around" (additional instruction, if required). (See Low Approach, Missed Approach)
GRADU - Used in Meteorological message (See Landing Forecast Trend Type).
GREENWICH MEAN TIME/GMT - (See Coordinated Universal Time).
GROUND CLUTTER - A pattern produced on the radar scope by ground returns which may degrade other radar returns in the affected area. The effect of ground clutter is minimized by the use of Moving Target Indicator (MTI) circuits in the radar equipment resulting in a radar presentation which displays only targets which are in motion. (See Clutter)
GROUND COMMUNICATION OUTLET (GCO) (P/CG) - An unstaffed, remotely controlled, ground/ground communications facility. Pilots at uncontrolled airports may contact ATC and FSS via VHF to a telephone connection to obtain an instrument clearance or close a VFR or IFR flight plan. They may also get an updated weather briefing prior to takeoff. Pilots will use four "key clicks" on the VHF radio to contact the appropriate ATC facility or six "key clicks" to contact the FSS. The GCO system is intended to be used only on the ground.
GROUND CONTROLLED APPROACH/GCA (P/CG) - A radar approach system operated from the ground by Air Traffic Control personnel transmitting instructions to the pilot by radio. The approach may be conducted with surveillance radar (Airport Surveillance Radar) only or with both surveillance and Precision Approach Radar (PAR). Usage of the term "GCA" by pilots is discouraged except when referring to a GCA facility. Pilots should specifically request a "PAR" approach when a Precision Radar Approach is desired or request an "Airport Surveillance Radar" or "Surveillance" Approach when a nonprecision radar approach is desired. (See Radar Approach)
GROUND-CONTROLLED APPROACH (JCS, NATO) - The technique for talking down, through the use of both Surveillance and Precision Approach Radar, an aircraft during its approach so as to place it in a position for landing.
GROUND DELAY - The amount of delay attributed to Air Traffic Control, encountered prior to departure, usually associated with a Controlled Departure Time program.
GROUND SPEED - The speed of an aircraft relative to the surface of the earth.
GROUND STOP - Normally, the last initiative to be utilized; this method mandates that the terminal facility will not allow any departures to enter the ARTCC airspace until further notified.
GROUND VISIBILITY - (See Visibility)
HANDOFF - An action taken to transfer the radar identification of an aircraft from one controller to another if the aircraft will enter the receiving controller's airspace and radio communications with the aircraft will be transferred.
　
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