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position input to the Kalman Filter best computed position. In
the case of RNV, VOR, NDB, and TACAN approaches, if the
underlying approach navaid becomes invalid, the approach
guidance will continue to remain valid, assuming that the GPS
accuracy, flagging and integrity monitoring criteria are satisfactory.
If either of the above conditions is not met, then the GPS sensor will
be deselected when the approach is armed or activated. This will be
the case if operating with a UNS GPS-950 or UNS-764-1 GPOSS, or
if operating in areas of the world not using WGS-84 coordinate
system. Even though the GPS sensor can be manually reselected
after approach has been initiated, it is not advisable because the
GPS accuracy, integrity and continuity of service cannot be assured.
The GPS sensor will be deselected for any pilot defined approach
(other than “VFR” type).
GPS Predictive RAIM - RAIM PRED
Since the satellite geometry changes with position and time, the
FMS with GPS must also include the capability of determining if a
suitable number of satellites, with acceptable geometry, will be
available at the FAF and Missed Approach Point at the estimated
time of arrival. This prediction automatically occurs when approach
mode is activated. If RAIM will not be available at either of those
times, then the messages “NO GPS RAIM @ FAF” or “NO GPS @
MAP” are displayed.
Section V
Operations
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During enroute operations, it is also required to provide pilot
requested predictions of RAIM availability at the destination for a
period of ETA ± 15 minutes in five minute increments. The RAIM
PREDICTION feature is initiated from FPL MENU page 2/2:
When the RAIM PREDICTION key is pressed, the following screen
will be displayed:
RAIM availability is displayed in terms of meeting ENR, TERM or
APPR criteria (i.e., 2.0 nm, 1.0 nm and 0.3 nm respectively) at the
destination airport at the estimated arrival time shown. If any RAIM
availability is shown to be other than APPR for the ±15 minute
window, then the pilot should not plan to rely on GPS for position
determination during the approach.
NOTE: Predictive RAIM feature will only work with GPS sensors
certified to TSO C-129 Class B1/C1. Other GPS sensors,
such as the GPS-950 and UNS-764-1 GPOSS will not
support this feature, and dashes will always be displayed
in the availability fields.
Section V
Operations
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GPS INTEG Annunciator
The FMS provides a logic signal to annunciate GPS INTEG
whenever the integrity of the GPS position cannot be assured to
meet minimum requirements for the particular phase of flight
(oceanic, enroute, terminal or approach). Refer to “GPS Sensors” in
Section VII for further information regarding criteria under which this
annunciator is illuminated.
NOTE: Whenever the GPS INTEG annunciator is illuminated, the
pilot should monitor his GPS position by cross reference to
other navigation sensors, if available. GPS-based
approaches should not be flown whenever the GPS
INTEG annunciator is illuminated.
GPS Approach Charting
The availability of GPS approach capability can be readily identified
on Jeppesen approach charts for U.S. airports.
Phase I an II overlay approaches are identified by the notation GPS
in parenthesis in the facility information section of the approach
plate, where the navaid identifier and frequency appear.
Phase III overlay approaches include the term “GPS” in the title, as
“GPS or VOR Rwy 27”.
GPS stand-alone approaches are also identified by their title (e.g.,
“GPS Rwy 27”).
NOTE: If the term “GPS” does not appear in the title of the overlay
approach, it is the pilot’s responsibility to monitor the
underlying approach with the specified navaid for the
approach (VOR, NDB, and/or DME as appropriate). Any
loss of the reference navaid data should result in a missed
approach to a suitable alternate approach or airport.
NDB Approaches
NDB GPS overlay Approaches are intended to be flown using GPS
only. There are not provisions for pilot defined NDB approaches.
NDB approaches are included in the navigation data base
subscription. For NDB GPS overlay approaches, all page data fields
are analogous to VOR or RNAV approaches except that the NDB
facility will occupy the navaid and frequency fields. Normally the
frequency field is formatted as xxx.xx MHz, however, NDB is
formatted as xxxx.x KHz.
Section V
Operations
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