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capabilities such as new security systems or computer systems. As an another example,
cameras are gaining more abilities such as high pixel and small-sized. Therefore companies
follow the technological developments harder. When the technological development is
high,then the length of product life cycle is getting shorter (Figure 3).Because innovations are
shortening the life of products of rival company.
Figure 3:Relationshp between rate of technological change and Length of Product Life Cycle
Stage-Gate Development Funnel
Since too many development projects cannot be processed at one point in time, managing the
innovation is very important to develop a structured process. A common solution to this
problem is to implement a stage-gate development funnel(Figure 4).PM uses this funnel while
working on a project.
This Stage-Gate Development Funnel can be explained as below.
Stage 1: This stage is called as a wide mouth. Since there is no tough rules, people are being
encouraged to tell new ideas. With these proposals, as many new product ideas as possible is
collected. The only important point is, projects should be suitable to strategy and technical
feasibility of the organization.
Stage 2: As it can be seen the width of the funnel gets smaller. This stage is job of project
management. Because there are several detailed analysis that must be made such as potential
market, technical requirements, budget planning, time scheduling, financial and human
resources requirements. After this detailed analysis project manager sends it to a senior
management committee in order to be reviewed. At this point the project can be rejected,
allowed or sent back for revision.
Stage 3: This is development stage. Length of this stage is dependent on which industry the
product belongs. For instance, new car development projects last between three and five
years.
Stage-1 Stage-2 Stage-3
Figure 4 : Stage-Gate Development Funnel
Conclusion: Project Management
Project Management: The process of leading and controlling a project so that it results in the
creation of effective new or improved products.
Project: A subunit whose goal enters on developing the products or service on time, within
budget and in conformance with predetermined performance specifications.
Project management is managing a higher proportion of highly skilled and educated
professionals. Since they have their own ideas and creativity, it is being more complicated
how to hold these professional employees accountable for their actions. Therefore project
manager have to balance the centralization and decentralization of authority while keeping
them together. Furthermore project manager should be highly educated end experienced and
have communication with other departments such as marketing ,manufacturing ,materials
management, process engineering and product engineering.( Figure 5).
Figure 5 : Departments which is related by Project Management
Project Manager’s job differs from other managers’ in that way. Innovation projects are
highly risky projects. Furthermore creative effort with cost and time considerations are
another important topics which project manager should not forget. Suggesting possible
solutions ,brainstorming ,providing encouragement and positive feedback are essential part of
project manager’s job.(Figure 6)
Figure 6: Project Managers’ main jobs
Inspirational Approach to Leadership
Omer Faruk Yurdusever
Department of Industrial Engineering
Bilkent University
ANKARA, TURKEY
yurdusever@ug.bilkent.edu.tr
Summer Academy 2007 Hungary
Keywords: Inspiration in Leadership, Leadership, Charismatic leaders, Transformational leaders,
Absract: This essay approaches to leadership with an inspirational approach, and gives an
overview about charismatic leadership and transformational leadership. Since inspiration in
leadership is essential to inspire and influence people, it is important to focus on this issue by
mentioning two common theories: charismatic leadership and transformational leadership in this
Essay.
Index
• What is Leadership
• Inspirational Leadership
• What is Charismatic Leadership
• Characteristics of Charismatic Leaders
• What is Transformational Leadership
• Characteristics of Transformational Leaders
• Conclusion: Role of Inspirational Leaders in the World
What is Leadership
Leadership is the ability to influence a group toward the achievements of goals. Organizations
need strong leadership and management for optimal effectiveness. In today’s dynamic world, we
need leaders to challenge the status quo to create visions of the future and to inspire
　
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