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In addition to accident investigation and the enforcement of aviation regulations, the FSDO is also responsible for the
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certification and surveillance of air carriers, air operators, flight schools and/or training centers, and airmen including pilots and flight instructors. Each FSDO is staffed by aviation safety inspectors (ASIs) who play a key role in making the United States aviation system safe. They administer and enforce safety regulations and standards for the production, operation, maintenance, and/or modification of aircraft used in civil aviation. They also specialize in conducting inspections of various aspects of the aviation system, such as aircraft and parts manufacturing, aircraft operation, aircraft airworthiness, and cabin safety. ASIs must complete a training program at the FAA Academy in Oklahoma City which includes airman evaluation and pilot testing techniques and procedures. Inspectors also receive extensive on-the-job training and they receive recurrent training on a regular basis. The FAA has approximately 3,700 inspectors located in its FSDO offices. All questions concerning pilot certification (and/or requests for other aviation information or services) should be directed to the local FSDO.
Role of the Designated Pilot Examiner (DPE)
Among other duties, ASIs are responsible for administering FAA practical tests for pilot and flight instructor certificates and associated ratings. The administration of these tests is normally carried out at the FSDO level, but the agency’s highest priority is making air travel safer by inspecting aircraft that fly in the United States. To satisfy the need for pilot testing and certification services, the FAA delegates certain responsibilities to private individuals who are not FAA employees, but designated pilot examiners (DPEs).
A DPE is an individual, appointed in accordance with 14 CFR part 183, section 183.23, who meets the qualification requirements of FAA Order 8710.3, Pilot Examiner’s Handbook, and who:
• Is technically qualified;
• Holds all pertinent category, class, and type ratings for each aircraft related to their designation;
• Meets the requirements of 14 CFR part 61, sections 61.56, 61.57, and 61.58, as appropriate;
• Is current and qualified to act as pilot-in-command (PIC) of each aircraft for which they are authorized;
• Maintains at least a third-class medical certificate, if required; and
• Maintains a current flight instructor certificate, if required.
Designated as a representative of the FAA Administrator to perform specific pilot certification tasks on behalf of the FAA, a DPE may charge a reasonable fee. Generally, a DPE’s authority is limited to accepting applications and conducting practical tests leading to the issuance of specific pilot certificates and/or ratings. The majority of FAA practical tests at the private and commercial pilot level are administered by FAA DPEs, following FAA-provided practical test standards (PTSs).
Only highly qualified individuals are accepted as DPEs. DPE candidates must have good industry reputations for professionalism, integrity, a demonstrated willingness to serve the public, and adhere to FAA policies and procedures in certification matters. The FAA expects the DPE to administer practical tests with the same degree of professionalism, using the same methods, procedures, and standards as an FAA ASI.
Since there are few DPEs for balloon pilot certification, it is important to determine early in flight training the availability of a DPE in a particular area. It may be necessary to make arrangements through the local FSDO for an appropriately rated FAA ASI to administer the test for a pilot certificate.
Role of the Flight Instructor
Unlike the rest of the aviation community, ballooning has no certificated flight instructor. This role is filled by commercially rated balloon pilots who choose to instruct and meet the provisions of 14 CFR part 61, Commercial Pilot Privileges and Limitations for a Balloon. In this discussion, the term “flight instructor” is understood to mean a commercial balloon pilot who provides instruction.
The flight instructor is the cornerstone of aviation safety and the FAA places full responsibility for student training on the authorized flight instructor. It is the job of the instructor to train the student pilot in all the knowledge areas and teach the skills necessary for the student pilot to operate safely and competently as a certificated pilot in the National Airspace System (NAS). The training includes airmanship skills, pilot judgment and decision-making, and good operating practices.
A pilot training program depends on the quality of the ground and flight instruction the student pilot receives. The flight instructor must possess a thorough understanding of the learning process, knowledge of the fundamentals of teaching, and the ability to communicate effectively with the student pilot. He or she uses a syllabus and teaching style that embodies the “building block” method of instruction. In this method, the student progresses from the known to the unknown via a course of instruction laid out in such a way that each new maneuver embodies the principles involved in the performance of maneuvers previously learned. Thus, with the introduction of each new subject, the student not only
　
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