30.3.10 Temperature/Dew Point. Temperature and dew point are reported in two, two.digit groups in degrees Celsius, separated by a solidus (/). Temperatures below zero are prefixed with an “M.” If the temperature is available but the dew point is missing, the temperature is shown followed by a solidus. If the temperature is missing, the group is omitted from the report.
EXAMPLE.
15/08 . . . . . . . . “temperature one five, dew point 8” 00/M02 . . . . . . . “temperature zero, dew point minus 2” M05/ . . . . . . . . . “temperature minus five, dew point
missing”
30.3.11 Altimeter. Altimeter settings are reported in a four.digit format in inches of mercury prefixed with an “A” to denote the units of pressure.
EXAMPLE.
A2995 . . . . . . . . “altimeter two niner niner five”
30.3.12 Remarks. Remarks will be included in all observations, when appropriate. The contraction “RMK” denotes the start of the remarks section of a METAR report.
Location of a phenomena within 5 statute miles of the point of observation will be reported as at the station. Phenomena between 5 and 10 statute miles will be reported in the vicinity, “VC.” Phenomena beyond 10 statute miles will be shown as distant, “DSNT.” Distances are in statute miles except for automated lightning remarks which are in nautical miles. Movement of clouds or weather will be indicated by the direction toward which the phenomena is moving.
There are two categories of remarks: Automated, Manual, and Plain Language; and Additive and Automated Maintenance Data.
30.3.12.1 Automated, Manual, and Plain Lan-guage Remarks. This group of remarks may be generated from either manual or automated weather reporting stations and generally elaborates on parameters reported in the body of the report. Plain language remarks are only provided by manual stations.
1) Volcanic Eruptions
2) Tornado, Funnel Cloud, Waterspout
3) Type of Automated Station (AO1 or AO2)
4) Peak Wind
5) Wind Shift
6) Tower or Surface Visibility
7) Variable Prevailing Visibility
8) Sector Visibility
9) Visibility at Second Location
10) Dispatch Visual Range
11) Lightning (freq) LTG (type) (loc)
12) Beginning/Ending Time of Precipitation
13) Beginning/Ending Time of Thunderstorms
14) Thunderstorm Location; Movement Direction
15) Hailstone Size
16) Virga
17) Variable Ceiling
18) Obscurations
19) Variable Sky Condition
20) Significant Cloud Types
21) Ceiling Height at Second Location
22) Pressure Rising or Falling Rapidly
23) Sea.Level Pressure
24) Aircraft Mishap (not transmitted)
25) No SPECI Reports Taken
26) Snow Increasing Rapidly
27) Other Significant Information
30.3.12.2 Additive and Automated Maintenance Data Remarks.
1) Hourly Precipitation
2) Precipitation Amount
3) 24.Hour Precipitation
4) Snow Depth on Ground
5) Water Equivalent of Snow on Ground
6) Cloud Types
7) Duration of Sunshine
8) Hourly Temperature and Dew Point (Tenths)
9) 6.Hour Maximum Temperature
10) 6.Hour Minimum Temperature
11) 24.Hour Maximum/Minimum Temperatures
12) Pressure Tendency
13) Sensor Status:
WINO
ZRANO
SNO
VRNO
PNO
VISNO
EXAMPLE.
METAR report and explanation:
METAR KSFO 041453Z AUTO VRB02KT 3SM BR CLR 15/12 A3012 RMK AO2
METAR Type of report (aviation routine weather report)
KSFO Station identifier (San Francisco, CA)
041453Z Date/Time (4th day of month; time 1453 UTC)
AUTO Fully automated; no human intervention
VRB02KT Wind (wind variable at two)
3SM Visibility (visibility three statute miles)
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