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June 2007
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Examples
􀀴 Research for design of product and system
􀂃 Computer desk
􀂃 Cockpit design
􀂃 The Amsterdam Tram
􀀴 Improving safety and efficiency in operating system
(human errors management)
􀂃 HFACS
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Cockpit of Mitsubishi Zero
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Cockpit of Boeing B-29
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Cockpit of Boeing B-29
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Cockpit of DC3
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Cockpit of Boeing 727
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Cockpit of Boeing 747
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Cockpit of NASA Space Shuttle
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
3. Examples of research
􀀴 Research for design of product and system
􀂃 Computer desk
􀂃 Cockpit design
􀂃 The Amsterdam Tram
􀀴 Improving safety and efficiency in operating system
(human errors management)
􀂃 HFACS
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Freer (1998)
The Amsterdam Tram
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
The design brief
‘a comfortable workstation for all drivers’
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
The design brief
􀀴 Floor plan given and space available
􀀴 Detailed task description provided
􀀴 Chair type fixed
􀀴 Driver must sit with foot on the floor
􀀴 Must reach floor pedal (no extension)
􀀴 Space needed to get in/out of seat
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Proposed layout
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Proposed layout
􀀴 Layout – primary controls in centre console
􀀴 ‘Camera’s’ screen relocated
􀀴 Adjustable height console
􀀴 Ensure reach contours and fit for 1st % female to
99th % male
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Workstation mock-up
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
User trials
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
User trials
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
Examples
􀀴 Research for design of product and system
􀂃 Computer desk
􀂃 Cockpit design
􀂃 The Amsterdam Tram
􀀴 Improving safety and efficiency in operating system
(human errors management)
􀂃 HFACS
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
HFACS
The Human Factors Analysis and
Classification System (HFACS)
Wiegmann and Shappell 2000
U.S Navy, NASA ,and FAA
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
HFACS: Guiding Principles
Principle 1: Aviation is similar in nature to other
complex productive systems.
Principle 2: Human errors are inevitable within such a
system.
Principle 3: Blaming an error on the decision maker is
like blaming a mechanical failure on the hardware.
Principle 4: An accident, no matter how minor, is a
failure of the system.
Principle 5: Accident investigation and error prevention
go hand-in-hand.
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
June 2007
􀂊Excessive cost cutting
􀂊Deficient training program
􀂊Improper crew pairing
􀂊 Spatial Disorientation
􀂊 Mental fatigue
􀂊Failed to Scan Instruments
Organizational
Factors
Unsafe
Supervision
Preconditions
for
Unsafe Acts
Unsafe
Acts
Mishap
􀂊Crashed into side of mountain
Reason’s “Swiss Cheese” Model of Accident Causation
System Failures
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
　
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