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Ops Manual and training program,
your aircraft must be properly
22 Canadian Professional Pilot Studies
equipped and maintained, and your
crews qualified.
Flight Operations
Qualifications of Operational Personnel
The Ops Manager and Chief Pilot
must know the relevant regulations
and standards, and the content of
the Ops Manual, private operator's
certificate and operations
specifications. The Chief Pilot must
also hold an appropriate Licence.
Cabin Attendants
Needed with more than 12
passengers on board, unless there is
a capable second pilot when you are
carrying less than 20.
Checklist - 604.10
Each aircraft type must have a
checklist that is readily available to
crew members, who must follow
them when performing their duties.
Operational Flight Plan (Data Sheet)
Must be completed as per the Ops
Manual prior to flight. Copies must
be kept for at least 180 days. The
minimum information includes the
operator’s name, date, registration,
type and model of aircraft, captain's
name, departure, destination and
alternate aerodromes, estimated time
enroute, endurance, Weights (i.e.
total fuel, planned max take-off
Weight), souls on board, times of
departure and arrival.
Commercial Air Services
Although CARs splits this into five
types, that is, Foreign, Aerial Work,
Air Taxi, Commuter and Airline
(Private Operators are covered in
Part VI, but that only applies to large
aeroplanes), the general principles
and paperwork involved in running
them are the same, just more
complex as you go up the scale.
The Rules In General
If you charge to carry people or
freight, you require an Air Operator
Certificate (AOC), which is granted by
Transport Canada. The only
exemptions are military or model
aircraft, rockets, hovercraft or wingin-
ground-effect machines, which
are exempt from CARs anyway, so
government departments have to
follow the rules, too.
Otherwise, section 700.02(1) says:
“No person shall operate an air
transport service unless the person holds
and complies with the provisions of an
air operator certificate that authorizes
the person to operate that service.”
air transport service means a commercial
air service for transporting persons,
belongings, baggage, goods or cargo
in aircraft between two points.
commercial air service means any use of
an aircraft for hire or reward.
hire or reward means any payment,
consideration, gratuity, benefit,
directly or indirectly charged,
demanded, received or collected by
any person for the use of an aircraft.
person, according to the Interpretation
Act (sect 35), includes artificial
persons, such as government
departments and limited companies.
Paragraph (2) of section 700.02
extends the above provisions to
aerial work, and paragraphs (3) and
(4) exempt farmers and sightseeing
operations by flight training units
from them.
Air Law 23
Except for ultralights or sightseeing,
aerial work involves carrying people
other than crew members (that is,
not passengers in the normal sense),
helicopter Class B, C or D external
loads, towing (except glider towing
by a flight training unit) or the
dispersal of products. Air Taxi rules
apply if you run an air transport
service or do sightseeing, with
single-engined or piston multiengined
aircraft weighing 8168 kg
(19,000 pounds) or less, carrying
under nine passengers. Commuter
operations do the same, only with
bigger machines, that is, multiengined
weighing under 8 618 kg
(19,000 pounds), but carrying
between 10-19 passengers, or turbojets
with a Maximum Zero Fuel
Weight below 22 680 kg (50,000
pounds) carrying less than 19.
Anything bigger comes under airlines,
including helicopters that can carry
over 20 passengers.
Transport Canada, of course, can
vary the above at any time.
Before you do anything, though, you
need an Operator Certificate (see
below), unless you are a farmer using
your own machine for spraying
within 25 miles of the centre of your
farm, or you have a flight training
unit operator certificate and are
using a single-engined aircraft in Day
VFR for sightseeing with less than 9
passengers, and you are an instructor.
Neither do you need a foreign AOC
(see 701.01/721.01) for an overflight
of or a technical landing in Canada
(unless you want to do something
weird, like takeoff or land below
　
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