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For aviation purposes, the ceiling is the lowest broken or
overcast layer, or vertical visibility into an obscuration.
Also there is no provision for reporting thin layers in the
METAR code. When clouds are thin, that layer shall be
reported as if it were opaque.
(b) Height. Cloud bases are reported with
three digits in hundreds of feet. (Clouds above
12,000feet cannot be reported by an automated
station).
(c) (Type). If Towering Cumulus Clouds
(TCU) or Cumulonimbus Clouds (CB) are present,
they are reported after the height which represents
their base.
EXAMPLE-
(Reported as) SCT025TCU BKN080 BKN250 (spoken as)
“TWO THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED SCATTERED
TOWERING CUMULUS, CEILING EIGHT THOUSAND
BROKEN, TWO FIVE THOUSAND BROKEN.”
(Reported as) SCT008 OVC012CB (spoken as) “EIGHT
HUNDRED SCATTERED CEILING ONE THOUSAND
TWO HUNDRED OVERCAST CUMULONIMBUS
CLOUDS.”
(d) Vertical Visibility (indefinite ceiling
height). The height into an indefinite ceiling is
preceded by “VV” and followed by three digits
indicating the vertical visibility in hundreds of feet.
This layer indicates total obscuration.
EXAMPLE-
1/8 SM FG VV006 - visibility one eighth, fog, indefinite
ceiling six hundred.
(e) Obscurations are reported when the sky
is partially obscured by a ground-based phenomena
by indicating the amount of obscuration as FEW,
SCT, BKN followed by three zeros (000). In remarks,
the obscuring phenomenon precedes the amount of
obscuration and three zeros.
EXAMPLEBKN000
(in body) . . . . . . . . “sky partially obscured”
FU BKN000 (in remarks) . . . “smoke obscuring fiveto
seven-eighths of the
sky”
(f) When sky conditions include a layer aloft,
other than clouds, such as smoke or haze the type of
phenomena, sky cover and height are shown in
remarks.
EXAMPLEBKN020
(in body) . . . . . . . . “ceiling two thousand
broken”
RMK FU BKN020 . . . . . . . . “broken layer of smoke
aloft, based at
two thousand”
(g) Variable ceiling. When a ceiling is
below three thousand and is variable, the remark
“CIG” will be shown followed with the lowest and
highest ceiling heights separated by a “V.”
EXAMPLECIG
005V010 . . . . . . . . . . . . “ceiling variable
between five hundred and
one thousand”
(h) Second site sensor. When an automated
station uses meteorological discontinuity sensors,
remarks will be shown to identify site specific sky
conditions which differ and are lower than conditions
reported in the body.
EXAMPLECIG
020 RY11 . . . . . . . . . . . “ceiling two thousand at
runway one one”
(i) Variable cloud layer. When a layer is
varying in sky cover, remarks will show the
variability range. If there is more than one cloud
layer, the variable layer will be identified by
including the layer height.
EXAMPLESCT
V BKN . . . . . . . . . . . . . “scattered layer variable to
broken”
BKN025 V OVC . . . . . . . . . “broken layer at
two thousand five hundred
variable to overcast”
AIM 2/14/08
7-1-64 Meteorology
(j) Significant clouds. When significant
clouds are observed, they are shown in remarks,
along with the specified information as shown below:
(1) Cumulonimbus (CB), or Cumulonimbus
Mammatus (CBMAM), distance (if known),
direction from the station, and direction of
movement, if known. If the clouds are beyond
10miles from the airport, DSNT will indicate
distance.
EXAMPLECB
W MOV E . . . . . . . “cumulonimbus west moving
east”
CBMAM DSNT S . . . . “cumulonimbus mammatus
distant south”
(2) Towering Cumulus (TCU), location, (if
known), or direction from the station.
EXAMPLETCU
OHD . . . . . . . . . “towering cumulus overhead”
TCU W . . . . . . . . . . . . “towering cumulus west”
(3) Altocumulus Castellanus (ACC), Stratocumulus
Standing Lenticular (SCSL),
Altocumulus Standing Lenticular (ACSL), Cirrocumulus
Standing Lenticular (CCSL) or rotor clouds,
describing the clouds (if needed) and the direction
from the station.
EXAMPLEACC
W . . . . . . . . . . . . . “altocumulus castellanus west”
ACSL SW-S . . . . . . . . . “standing lenticular
altocumulus southwest
through south”
APRNT ROTOR CLD S “apparent rotor cloud south”
CCSL OVR MT E . . . . . “standing lenticular
　
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