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aircraft is seen and identified on a situation display. (ICAO) 
Radar Separation  The separation used when aircraft position information is derived 
from radar sources. (ICAO) 
Radial  A magnetic bearing extending from a VOR/VORTAC/TACAN. 
Radiation Shield  A reflective radiation shield housing capable of protecting the 
internal sensors from direct and reflected solar and terrestrial (long 
wave) radiation and from precipitation. The shield shall provide 
adequate ventilation and shall not represent a significant thermal 
mass. 
Reliability  The ability of a system to perform a required function under given 
conditions for a given time interval. 
Reporting Point  A specified geographical location in relation to which the position of 
an aircraft can be reported. (ICAO) 
Risk  The combination of the probability, or frequency of occurrence of a 
defined hazard and the magnitude of the consequences of the 
occurrence. (British Standard BS 4778) 
Risk Assessment  Assessment to establish that the achieved or perceived risk is 
lower or equal to an acceptable or tolerable level. 
Routine Maintenance  Maintenance at regular periodic intervals, identified at the systems 
design stage of equipments, functions, components etc., which 
are known to cause or potentially cause degradation to the 
required system performance. 
Rule  One of the rules of the ANO. 
Runway  A defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the 
landing and take-off of aircraft. (ICAO) 
Runway Visual Range  The range over which the pilot of an aircraft on the centreline of a 
runway can see the runway surface markings or the lights 
delineating the runway or its centreline. (ICAO) 

CAP 670  Air Traffic Services Safety Requirements

S 
Safety  Freedom from unacceptable risk of harm. (IEC 1508) 
Safety Assurance  Shall mean all planned and systematic actions necessary to afford adequate confidence that a product, a service, an organisation or a functional system achieves acceptable or tolerable safety. (EC 2096/2005) 
Safety Critical  An item or system the failure of which could lead to, or directly contribute to, the possibility of an accident or serious loss of functionality, integrity, or safety margins will be identified as safety critical. 
Safety Objective  Shall mean a qualitative or quantative statement that defines the maximum frequency or probability at which a hazard can be expected to occur. (EC 2096/2005) 
Safety Policy  A safety policy is a declaration of a general plan of action set by the authority of management. 
Safety Related  Since the ability to cause a catastrophic incident is often linked to a series of apparently innocuous and seemingly unrelated events all processes are assumed to be safety related. If something or some process is to be excluded from this precept the burden of proof for exclusion lies with the regulated party. 

Safety Regulatory Audit A systematic and independent examination conducted by, or on behalf of, a national supervisory authority to determine whether complete safety-related arrangements or elements thereof, related to process and their results, products or services, comply with required safety-related arrangements and whether they are implemented effectively and are suitable to achieve expected results. (EC 1315/2007)
Safety Regulatory  The requirements established by Community or national
Requirements  regulations for the provision of air navigation services or ATFM and ASM functions concerning the technical and operational competence and suitability to provide these services and functions, their safety management, as well as systems, their constituents and associated procedures. (EC 1315/2007)
　
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