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• Medical.
• Aircraft flight manual and
approved checklist.
• Aircraft maintenance release.
Plan for Contingencies
SUBMIT FLIGHT
NOTIFICATION FORM:
• Check sufficient hours
remaining.
• Check for unserviceabilities.
• Daily inspection or pre-flight
inspection as per pilot’s
operating handbook or
company operations manual.
• Check for required
maintenance.
• Maintenance release signed.
• FUEL: Check for correct grade,
quantity, and contamination.
• OIL: Check quantity.
AIRCRAFT PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTION
CHECK AIRCRAFT AND PERSONAL DOCUMENTS
Are you carrying
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
TIME IN YOUR TANKS
PRE-FLIGHT FUEL PLANNING
• Determine total fuel capacity and usable fuel
(refer Aircraft Flight Manual).
• Determine fuel consumption rates
(refer Pilot’s Operating Handbook).
• Familiarise yourself with the aircraft’s
fuel systems.
• Check fuel availability en route
(note suppliers and operating hours).
• Plan to arrive with all fuel reserves intact:
Never plan to use fixed or variable reserve fuel.
• Weight versus fuel. Keep in mind that you may not be able to carry full tanks.
• Check weather to determine holding and/or alternate fuel requirements.
PRE-FLIGHT FUEL INSPECTION
• Try to refuel on level ground to avoid inaccurate fuel measurements and unwanted fuel transfer.
• Dip each tank to check the amount of fuel. If a tank cannot be dipped, fill at least one tank
(weight permitting) so there is a known fuel quantity.
• Cross-check fuel amounts by at least two separate methods. Use the lowest figure if they vary
by more than 3% (mandatory for aircraft with MTOW in excess of 5,700kg).
• Ensure drains and vents are working properly.
• If using Avgas, rock the aircraft to move trapped water over the drain point before carrying out
a fuel drain (refer aircraft manufacturer’s recommendations).
• Check for contaminants (particularly water) and correct fuel type.
• Ensure the fuel filler cap is secure and sealed.
INFLIGHT FUEL MANAGEMENT
• At regular intervals (at least every 30 minutes and at turning points) compare gauges with
planned figures and monitor tank selection. Caution: Gauge readings as per aircraft’s fuel
calibration card.
• Use planned power settings and correct mixture leaning technique.
POST-FLIGHT FUEL MANAGEMENT
• Compare usage figures with planned figures when next refuelling.
7
8 TIME IN YOUR TANKS
1. Cloud: More than SCT (3 to 4 OKTAS) below ceiling of 1,500ft.
2. Visibility: Less than 8km or forecast probability of fog, mist, dust, etc.
3. Wind: Crosswind or downwind more than aircraft maximum. (Wind gusts must
be considered.)
4. Thunderstorms or severe turbulence: Forecast or probability.
10
16.2
72
11.7
(117kg)
Example: Conversion from litres to kg
using navigation computer.
Alternate due to weather summary (VFR) – refer AIP ENR 1.1, paragraph 69
Litres ÷ 0.72 x 0.72 Kilograms
US gallons ÷ 3.79 x 3.79 Litres
US gallons ÷2.72 x 2.72 Kilograms
TAF YMAY 011835Z 2008 09010KT CAVOK
INTER 0305 16015KT 6000 SHRA BKN005 SCT030
FM05 16010KT CAVOK
T 15 19 24 20 Q 1008 1007 1005 1007
TTEEMPO
30
MINUTE
BUFFER
30
MINUTE
BUFFER
1800 2000 0100 0600
60-minutes holding fuel
OR alternate required.
2000 0300 0500 0800
30
MINUTE
IINTER BUFFER
30
MINUTE
BUFFER
30-minutes holding fuel
OR alternate required.
TAF YSCB 271648Z 1806 33015G28KT 9999 SHRA FEW010 OVC100
TEMPO 2001 1000 +TSGR BKN005 SCT040CB
T 14 13 13 11 Q 1016 1015 1013 1016
AVGAS FUEL CONVERSIONS (conversions are approx.)
162L AVGAS = 117kg
9 TIME IN YOUR TANKS
60 litres
55 mins
65 L/Hr
60 mins
SCENARIO - PIPER LANCE
Category: Charter
From: Mallacoota (YMCO)
To: Albury (YMAY) ETA 0500
Distance: 160NM Wind: Nil
Climb: 110kt Cruise: 150kt
Piper Lance typical fuel flow:
Climb: 94 litres/hr
Cruise: 65 litres/hr
Holding: 52 litres/hr
CRUISE
VARIABLE RESERVE
19 litres
12 mins
94 L/Hr
60 mins
CLIMB
TAXI
49 litres
45 mins
65L/Hr
60 mins
FIXED RESERVE
26 litres
30 mins
52 L/Hr
60 mins
HOLDING
10 mins
(100%)
67 litres
15
　
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本文鏈接地址：Melbourne Visual PILOT GUIDE(2)