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to squawk IDENT and observation of this response by
the accepting controller;
Note.— Use of procedures f) and g) requires prior
coordination between the controllers, since the
indications to be observed by the accepting controller
are of short duration.
8.6.4 Position information
8.6.4.1 An aircraft provided with radar service should be
informed of its position in the following circumstances:
a) upon identification, except when the identification is
established:
i) based on the pilot’s report of the aircraft position
or within one nautical mile of the runway upon
departure and the observation is consistent with
the aircraft’s time of departure; or
ii) by use of assigned discrete SSR codes or Mode S
and the location of the observed radar position
indication is consistent with the current flight plan
of the aircraft; or
iii) by transfer of radar identification;
b) when the pilot requests this information;
c) when a pilot’s estimate differs significantly from the
radar controller’s estimate based on radar observation;
d) when the pilot is instructed to resume own navigation
after radar vectoring if the current instructions had
diverted the aircraft from a previously assigned route,
(see 8.6.5.5);
e) immediately before termination of radar service, if the
aircraft is observed to deviate from its intended route.
8.6.4.2 Position information shall be passed to aircraft in
one of the following forms:
a) as a well-known geographical position;
b) magnetic track and distance to a significant point, an
en-route navigation aid, or an approach aid;
c) direction (using points of the compass) and distance
from a known position;
d) distance to touchdown, if the aircraft is on final
approach; or
e) distance and direction from the centre line of an ATS
route.
8.6.4.3 Whenever practicable, position information shall
relate to positions or routes pertinent to the navigation of the
aircraft concerned and displayed on the radar map.
8-8 Air Traffic Management (PANS-ATM)
1/11/01
8.6.4.4 When so informed, the pilot may omit position
reports at compulsory reporting points or report only over
those reporting points specified by the air traffic services unit
concerned, including points at which air-reports are required
for meteorological purposes. Pilots shall resume position
reporting when so instructed and when advised that radar
service is terminated or that radar identification is lost.
8.6.5 Radar vectoring
8.6.5.1 Radar vectoring shall be achieved by issuing to
the pilot specific headings which will enable the aircraft to
maintain the desired track. When vectoring an aircraft, a radar
controller should comply with the following:
a) whenever practicable, the aircraft should be vectored
along routes or tracks on which the pilot can monitor
the aircraft position with reference to pilot-interpreted
navigation aids (this will minimize the amount of radar
navigational assistance required and alleviate the
consequences resulting from a radar failure);
b) when an aircraft is given a vector diverting it from a
previously assigned route, the pilot should be
informed, unless it is self-evident, what the vector is to
accomplish and, when possible, the limit of the vector
should be specified (e.g. to ... position, for ...
approach);
c) except when transfer of radar control is to be effected,
aircraft shall not be vectored closer than 4.6 km
(2.5 NM), or, where a radar separation minimum
greater than 9.3 km (5 NM) is prescribed, a distance
equivalent to one half of the prescribed separation
minimum, from the limit of the airspace for which the
radar controller is responsible, unless local arrangements
have been made to ensure that separation will
exist with radar-controlled aircraft operating in
adjoining areas;
d) controlled flights should not be vectored into
uncontrolled airspace except in the case of emergency
or in order to circumnavigate severe weather (in which
case the pilot should be so informed), or at the specific
request of the pilot; and
e) when an aircraft has reported unreliable directional
instruments, the pilot should be requested, prior to the
issuance of manoeuvring instructions, to make all
turns at an agreed rate and to carry out the instructions
immediately upon receipt.
8.6.5.2 When vectoring an IFR flight, the radar controller
shall issue clearances such that the prescribed obstacle
clearance will exist at all times until the aircraft reaches the
point where the pilot will resume own navigation. When
　
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