23.
Direction Signs

23.1 Direction signs have a yellow background with a black inscription. The inscription identifies the designation(s) of the intersecting taxiway(s) leading out of intersection that a pilot would normally be expected to turn onto or hold short of. Each designation is accompanied by an arrow indicating the direction of the turn.
23.2 Except as noted in subparagraph 23.5, each taxiway designation shown on the sign is accompa-nied by only one arrow. When more than one taxiway designation is shown on the sign, each designation and its associated arrow is separated from the other taxiway designations by either a vertical message divider or a taxiway location sign as shown in FIG AD 1.1.47.
23.3 Direction signs are normally located on the left prior to the intersection. When used on a runway to indicate an exit, the sign is located on the same side of the runway as the exit. FIG AD 1.1.48 shows a direction sign used to indicate a runway exit.
23.4 The taxiway designations and their associated
arrows on the sign are arranged clockwise starting
from the first taxiway on the pilot’s left.
(See FIG AD 1.1.47.)

23.5 If a location sign is located with the direction signs, it is placed so that the designations for all turns to the left will be to the left of the location sign; the designations for continuing straight ahead or for all turns to the right would be located to the right of the location sign. (See FIG AD 1.1.47.)
23.6
When the intersection is comprised of only one crossing taxiway, it is permissible to have two arrows associated with the crossing taxiway as shown in FIG AD 1.1.49. In this case, the location sign is located to the left of the direction sign.

24.
Destination Signs

24.1 Destination signs also have a yellow back-ground with a black inscription indicating a destination on the airport. These signs always have an arrow showing the direction of the taxiing route to that destination. FIG AD 1.1.50 is an example of a typical destination sign. When the arrow on the destination sign indicates a turn, the sign is located prior to the intersection.
24.2 Destinations commonly shown on these types of signs include runways, aprons, terminals, military areas, civil aviation areas, cargo areas, international areas, and fixed base operators. An abbreviation may be used as the inscription on the sign for some of these destinations.
24.3
When the inscription for two or more destinations having a common taxiing route are placed on a sign, the destinations are separated by a “dot” (.) and one arrow would be used as shown in FIG AD 1.1.51. When the inscription on a sign contains two or more destinations having different taxiing routes, each destination will be accompanied by an arrow and will be separated from the other destinations on the sign with a vertical black message divider as shown in FIG AD 1.1.52.

25.
Information Signs

25.1 Information signs have a yellow background with a black inscription. They are used to provide the pilot with information on such things as areas that cannot be seen from the control tower, applicable radio frequencies, and noise abatement procedures.

The airport operator determines the need, size, and location for these signs.
26. Runway Distance Remaining Signs
26.1
Runway distance remaining signs have a black background with a white numeral inscription and may be installed along one or both side(s) of the runway. The number on the signs indicates the distance (in thousands of feet) of landing runway remaining. The last sign; i.e., the sign with the numeral “1,” will be located at least 950 feet from the runway end. FIG AD 1.1.53 shows an example of a runway distance remaining sign.

27.
Aircraft Arresting Systems

27.1 Certain airports are equipped with a means of rapidly stopping military aircraft on a runway. This equipment, normally referred to as EMERGENCY ARRESTING GEAR, generally consists of pendant cables supported over the runway surface by rubber “donuts.” Although most devices are located in the overrun areas, a few of these arresting systems have cables stretched over the operational areas near the ends of a runway.
27.2 Arresting cables which cross over a runway require special markings on the runway to identify the cable location. These markings consist of 10 feet diameter solid circles painted “identification yel-low,” 30 feet on center, perpendicular to the runway centerline across the entire runway width. Additional details are contained in AC 150/5220.9, Aircraft Arresting Systems for Joint Civil/Military Airports.
NOTE.
Aircraft operations on the runway are not restricted by the installation of aircraft arresting devices.
27.3 Engineered materials arresting systems (EMAS). EMAS, which are constructed of high energy.absorbing materials of selected strength, are located in the safety area beyond the end of the runway. They are designed to crush under the weight of commercial aircraft and they exert deceleration forces on the landing gear. These systems do not affect the normal landing and takeoff of airplanes. More information concerning EMAS is in FAA Advisory Circular AC 150/5220.22, Engineered Materials Arresting Systems (EMAS) for Aircraft Overruns.
　
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