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21.2.1.1 On taxiways that intersect the beginning of the takeoff runway, only the designation of the takeoff runway may appear on the sign as shown in FIG AD 1.1.37, while all other signs will have the designation of both runway directions.
21.2.1.2 If the sign is located on a taxiway that intersects the intersection of two runways, the designations for both runways will be shown on the sign along with arrows showing the approximate alignment of each runway as shown in FIG AD 1.1.38. In addition to showing the approxi-mate runway alignment, the arrow indicates the direction to the threshold of the runway whose designation is immediately next to the arrow.
21.2.1.3 Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO) include landing and holding short of an intersecting runway, taxiway, or a designated point on the runway. LAHSO signs are mandatory signs when Air Traffic Control is operating under LAHSO. The holding position markings will be located on the runway pavement adjacent to the signs. Holding position markings are described in paragraph 19..
21.2.1.4 A runway holding position sign(s) will be installed on a runway that is normally used as a taxiway, adjacent to the holding position markings.
21.2.1.5 A runway holding position sign on a taxiway will be installed adjacent to holding position markings.
21.2.2 Runway Approach Area Holding Position Sign. At some airports, it is necessary to hold an aircraft on a taxiway located in the approach or departure area for a runway so that the aircraft does not interfere with operations on that runway. In these situations a sign with the designation of the approach end of the runway followed by a “dash” (.) and letters “APCH” will be located at the holding position on the taxiway. Holding position markings in accordance with paragraph 20. will be located on the taxiway pavement. An example of this sign is shown in FIG AD 1.1.39. In this example, the sign may protect the approach to Runway 15 and/or the departure for Runway 33.
21.2.3 ILS Critical Area Holding Position Sign.
At some airports, when the instrument landing system is being used, it is necessary to hold an aircraft on a taxiway at a location other than the holding position described in paragraph 19., Holding Position Markings. In these situations the holding position sign for these operations will have the inscription “ILS” and be located adjacent to the holding position marking on the taxiway described in paragraph 19.. An example of this sign is shown in FIG AD 1.1.40.
21.2.4 No Entry Sign. This sign, shown in FIG AD 1.1.41, prohibits an aircraft from entering an area. Typically, this sign would be located on a taxiway intended to be used in only one direction or at the intersection of vehicle roadways with runways, taxiways or aprons where the roadway may be mistaken as a taxiway or other aircraft movement surface.
NOTE.
The holding position sign provides the pilot with a visual cue as to the location of the holding position marking. The operational significance of holding position markings are described in paragraph 19..
22. Location Signs
Location signs are used to identify either a taxiway or runway on which the aircraft is located. Other location signs provide a visual cue to pilots to assist them in determining when they have exited an area. The various location signs are described below.
22.1 Taxiway Location Sign. This sign has a black background with a yellow inscription and yellow border as shown in FIG AD 1.1.42. The inscription is the designation of the taxiway on which the aircraft is located. These signs are installed along taxiways either by themselves or in conjunction with direction signs or runway holding position signs. (See FIG AD 1.1.43 and FIG AD 1.1.47.)
22.2 Runway Location Sign. This sign has a black background with a yellow inscription and yellow border as shown in FIG AD 1.1.44. The inscription is the designation of the runway on which the aircraft

Federal Aviation Administration Twentieth Edition
is located. These signs are intended to complement the information available to pilots through their magnetic compass and typically are installed where the proximity of two or more runways to one another could cause pilots to be confused as to which runway they are on.
22.3 Runway Boundary Sign. This sign has a yellow background with a black inscription with a graphic depicting the pavement holding position marking as shown in FIG AD 1.1.45. This sign, which faces the runway and is visible to the pilot exiting the runway, is located adjacent to the holding position marking on the pavement. The sign is intended to provide pilots with another visual cue which they can use as a guide in deciding when they are “clear of the runway.”
22.4
ILS Critical Area Boundary Sign. This sign has a yellow background with a black inscription with a graphic depicting the ILS pavement holding position marking as shown in FIG AD 1.1.46. This sign is located adjacent to the ILS holding position marking on the pavement and can be seen by pilots leaving the critical area. The sign is intended to provide pilots with another visual cue which they can use as a guide in deciding when they are “clear of the ILS critical area.”
　
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