Turbulent Air Penetration
Severe turbulence should be avoided if at all possible. However, if severe turbulence is encountered, use the turbulent air penetration procedure listed in the Operations Manual. Turbulent air penetration speeds provide high/low speed maneuver margins in severe turbulent air.
During manual flight, maintain wings level and smoothly control attitude. Use the attitude indicator as the primary instrument. In extreme updrafts or downdrafts, large altitude changes may occur. Do not use sudden or large control inputs. After establishing the trim setting for penetration speed, do not change pitch trim. Allow altitude and airspeed to vary and maintain attitude. However, do not allow the airspeed to decrease and remain below the turbulent air penetration speed because stall/buffet margin is reduced. Maneuver at bank angles below those normally used. Set thrust for penetration speed and avoid large thrust changes. Set ignition as directed by the operations manual. Flap extension in an area of known turbulence should be delayed as long as possible because the airplane can withstand higher gust loads with the flaps up.
Normally, no changes to cruise altitude or airspeed are required when encountering moderate turbulence. If operating at cruise thrust limits, it may be difficult to maintain cruise speed. If this occurs, select a higher thrust limit (if available) or descend to a lower altitude.

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Copyright . The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
FCT 757 (TM) October 31, 2003

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1
Takeoff Briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1
Push Back  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2
Backing with Reverse Thrust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2

Taxi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3
Taxi General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3Flight Deck Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4Thrust Use  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4Taxi Speed and Braking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4Antiskid Inoperative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5Tiller/Rudder Pedal Steering  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6Turning Radius . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7Visual Cues and Techniques for Turning while Taxiing  . . . . . . . . . . 2.8Minimum Radius 180 Degree Turns  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8Taxi - Adverse Weather  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9Taxi - One Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10

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Preface
This chapter outlines the recommended operating practices and techniques during ground operations, including pushback, engine start and taxi. Taxi operations during adverse weather are also addressed. The recommended operating practices and techniques discussed in this chapter improve crew coordination, enhance safety and provide a basis for standardization.

Takeoff Briefing
The takeoff briefing shall be accomplished as soon as practical so as not to interfere with the final takeoff preparations.
The takeoff briefing is a description of the departure flight path with emphasis on anticipated track and altitude restrictions. It assumes normal operating procedures are used. Therefore, it is not necessary to brief normal or standard takeoff procedures. Additional briefing items may be required when any elements of the takeoff and/or departure are different from those routinely used. These may include:
. 
adverse weather

. 
adverse runway conditions

. 
unique noise abatement requirements

. 
dispatch using the minimum equipment list

. 
special engine out departure procedures (if applicable)

. 
any other situation where it is necessary to review or define crew
responsibilities.

Push Back
Each operator should develop specific pushback procedures and policy which are tailored for their specific operations. The flight operations and maintenance departments need to be primary in developing these procedures.
Pushbacks present a serious hazard to ground personnel. There have been many accidents where personnel were run over by the airplane wheels during the pushback process.
　
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