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MODE switch in AUTO, the ECS controller modulates ECS output to provide the required airflow to
the cockpit and the avionics. Cockpit airflow is always scheduled as a function of outside air
temperature (OAT), with the highest flow delivered at hot and cold temperature extremes. ECS flow
to the avionics is dependent on WonW and throttle setting.
With WonW and both throttles at IDLE, the aft avionics cooling fan is on and provides the primary
source of avionics cooling. The ECS provides a second source of avionics cooling but at a fixed, low rate.
With at least one throttle advanced to 74% N2 rpm or above (also in flight), the aft avionics cooling fan
is off, and the ECS provides all avionics cooling. At these conditions the ECS controller schedules
avionics airflow based on the temperature of the air being delivered (warm air equates to higher flow
to increase cooling). Once a throttle has been advanced above 74% N2 rpm, the aft avionics cooling fan
will not be reenergized until both throttles are retarded below 70% N2.
In the AUTO mode, the ECS controller modulates the ECS flow modulator valve (Item 4) to control
the output of the ECS turbine to meet scheduled airflow requirements. ECS turbine output
temperature is scheduled by the ECS controller to 0°F during high altitude operations and 35°F during
low altitude operations to meet avionics cooling requirements and to prevent ECS turbine icing. These
two temperatures are maintained by adding warm air through the anti-ice add heat valve (Item 51) if
required. The controller divides the airflow between the cockpit and avionics by modulating the
cockpit flow valve (Item 9) and avionics flow valve (Item 8). If ECS output is deficient, cockpit airflow
is normally given priority. With the aft avionics cooling fan off, the avionics typically receive that
portion of the turbine output which is not used by the cockpit or FLIR cooling systems.
Cabin temperature is controlled by modulating the cabin add heat valve (Item 26) to mix warm air
with cold conditioned air, according to the position of the CABIN TEMP knob. ECS controller
delivered cabin temperature is normally selectable in the range of 35 to 135°F between the CABIN
TEMP knob positions of COLD and HOT, respectively (60 to 160°F with the DEFOG handle in the
HIGH position). Cabin temperature may take 1 to 2 minutes to stabilize following a large movement
of the CABIN TEMP knob.
2.12.7.2 ECS MAN Mode. The ECS MAN mode is a degraded operating mode. At high power
settings, ECS MAN mode can significantly increase the amount of bleed air drawn from the engines,
resulting in higher turbine temperatures and reduced engine life. Therefore, the ECS MAN mode
A1-F18EA-NFM-000
I-2-93 ORIGINAL
should only be used when the ECS AUTO mode is degraded and temperatures are out of limits (e.g.,
cockpit temperature high or AV AIR HOT caution inflight).
Extended periods of ECS MAN mode operation, particularly at high
power settings, significantly reduces engine life. If the ECS is not DEGD
and temperatures are not out of limits, make sure the ECS MODE switch
is in the AUTO position.
With the ECS MODE switch in MAN, the ECS flow modulator valve (Item 4) is commanded full
open to produce maximum ECS flow. The division of airflow between the cockpit and the avionics is
dependent on WonW and throttle setting. With WonW and both throttles at IDLE, avionics cooling is
provided by the aft avionics cooling fan and a fixed output from the ECS, and cockpit airflow is
typically increased, as the cockpit receives the majority of the ECS output.
At or above 74% N2 rpm (70% decreasing from 74%) or inflight, this priority is reversed. Cockpit
airflow is fixed at moderate flow; the aft avionics cooling fan is off; and the avionics receive the majority
of the ECS output.
Cabin temperature is controlled by the CABIN TEMP knob, which now directly controls the
position of the cabin add heat valve (Item 26). The cabin add heat valve is fully closed with the CABIN
TEMP knob in COLD and is fully open with the CABIN TEMP knob in HOT. Changes in the position
of the CABIN TEMP knob should be held for 30 seconds due to a slower temperature response in the
MAN mode. With the cabin add heat valve at least partially open, cabin temperature varies with
throttle position and flight condition.
2.12.7.3 ECS OFF/RAM Mode. The ECS OFF/RAM mode is used to terminate normal ECS
operation following a major ECS malfunction. With the ECS MODE switch in OFF/RAM, the ECS
flow modulator valve (Item 4) is closed (terminating conditioned airflow), the cockpit RAM air scoop
is deployed, and the emergency avionics cooling fan is energized (inflight only).
Inflight, cabin temperature is controlled by mixing air from the RAM air scoop with warm air
　
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本文鏈接地址：NATOPS Flight Manual 飛行手冊 1(79)