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for circumstances when that may be appropriate (e.g., alert launch, low battery, maintenance, engine
restart after APU shutdown, etc.). As such, the steps for a ²normal² battery/APU start are numbered
below, while steps for alternate starting sources are lettered.
With an external power start, all electrical systems are operative. With a battery start, power is
available to operate the APU and engine fire warning systems, the caution lights panel, the intercom
system between the aircrew and the ground crew, the cockpit utility light, and the EFD backup display.
The right engine is normally started first in order to provide normal hydraulics to the brakes. During
first engine battery start, the EFD RPM indication typically jumps from 0 to 5 or 10%, and light-off
is indicated by TEMP rising from a minimum reported value of approximately 190°C. When the
corresponding generator comes online (approximately 60%N2 rpm), the engine crank switch returns to
OFF. After both generators are online, the APU will run for 1 minute and then shut down
automatically.
· To prevent engine damage during start, if an engine was not idled
(75% N2 rpm or less) for 5 minutes prior to shutdown and a restart
must be made between 15 minutes and 4 hours after shutdown, the
engine must be motored for 1 minute at 29%N2 or greater before
restart.
· To prevent vibration and damage to compressor blades, do not allow
N2 rpm to dwell between 26 to 29%during engine motoring.
7.2.1 (F/A-18F) Intercockpit Communications. The following Challenge/Response voice communications
are mandatory:
Challenge Response
Pilot - ICS check
Pilot - Fire warning
Pilot - Starting APU left/right
WSO - Good waypoint zero
Pilot - Canopy
WSO - Loud and clear
WSO - Roger (Optional)
WSO - Roger (Optional)
Pilot - Roger (Optional)
WSO - Clear/standby
7.2.2 Engine Start Checks. In the F/A-18F, the WSO must monitor pilot procedures, EFD indications,
and plane captain signals to ensure maximum safety during engine start.
A1-F18EA-NFM-000
III-7-17 ORIGINAL
1. BATT switch - ON
2. Battery gauge - CHECK
NOTE
Nominal voltage for a ²good² battery should be 23 to 24 vdc. Minimum
battery voltage is that which provides a successful engine start (i.e.,
APU remains online and the EFD remains powered to provide
indications of RPM and TEMP). EFD blanking and/or uncommanded
APU shutdown should be anticipated with a battery voltage at or
below approximately 18 vdc. If a weak battery results in an
unsuccessful engine start attempt, the battery should be charged or
replaced prior to takeoff, since the battery provides the last source of
electrical redundancy for the FCCs.
3. ICS - CHECK
With external electrical power -
a. EXT PWR switch - RESET
b. GND PWR switches 1, 2, 3, and 4 - B ON (hold for 3 seconds)
c. L(R) DDI, HUD, and MPCD knobs - ON (both cockpits)
d. COMM 1 and 2 knobs - ON/VOLUME AS DESIRED (both cockpits)
e. LT TEST switch - TEST (both cockpits)
f. MPCD/UFCD - ENTER DESIRED WAYPOINTS
All starts -
4. FIRE warning test - PERFORM
a. FIRE test switch - TEST A (hold until all lights and aural warnings indicate test has been
successfully passed)
b. FIRE test switch - NORM (pause until system resets - 5 to 7 seconds)
c. FIRE test switch - TEST B (hold until all lights and aural warnings indicate test has been
successfully passed)
NOTE
During a successful FIRE warning test ALL of the following lights
should illuminate in each TEST position: both FIRE lights (all 4
bulbs), the APU FIRE light (all 4 bulbs), and both L and R BLEED
warning lights. Additionally, the following voice aural warnings should
be heard in order: ²Engine fire left, engine fire right, APU fire, bleed
air left, bleed air right² (each repeated twice).
A1-F18EA-NFM-000
III-7-18 ORIGINAL
NOTE
· A complete FIRE warning test is performed in each TEST position
because it is difficult to recognize a single unlit bulb in a FIRE light.
Since an aural warning does not annunciate if any of the FIRE or
BALD loops are bad, lack of an aural warning is the best cue to the
aircrew of a test failure.
· Failure to pause in NORM for at least 3 seconds between TEST A and
TEST B results in a false BALD failure MSP code.
If APU start -
5. APU ACC caution light - VERIFY OFF
6. APU switch - ON (READY light within 30 seconds)
To prevent an APU running engagement and to prevent APU exhaust
torching, a minimum of 2 minutes must elapse between APU shutdown
and another APU start.
NOTE
If an APU fire or overheat condition is detected on the ground, the
　
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本文鏈接地址：NATOPS Flight Manual 飛行手冊 1(133)