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 Maximum structural take-off weight: MTOW
FAR/JAR 25: R/C= - 360ft/mn
tow <= MTOW (1)
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
 Maximum weights
 Maximum structural take-off weight: MTOW
 Maximum structural landing weight: MLW
FAR/JAR 25: R/C = - 600ft/mn
lw = tow - TF <= MLW
or tow <= MLW + TF (2)
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
 Maximum weights
 Maximum structural take-off weight: MTOW
 Maximum structural landing weight: MLW
 Maximum zero fuel weight: MZFW
mg
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
 Maximum weights
 Maximum zero fuel weight: MZFW
Max efforts at the root for m = const when mWF=0
mg
L/2 L/2
mWFg mWFg
nz > 1
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
 Maximum weights
 Maximum structural take-off weight: MTOW
 Maximum structural landing weight: MLW
 Maximum zero fuel weight: MZFW
zfw <= MZFW
tow <= MZFW + take-off fuel
( tow = zfw + take-off fuel )
(3)
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
 Effects on fueling
1 -Wing tanks
2 - Fuselage tanks
mg
mFFg
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
 Effects on fuel management
1 - Fuselage tanks
2 -Wing tanks
mg
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
 Effects on fuel management
mg
mFFg
Opposite case
when mWF = 0 zfw = dow + load + mFF <= MZFW
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
 Maximum weights
» Maximum structural take-off weight: MTOW
» Maximum structural landing weight: MLW
» Maximum zero fuel weight: MZFW
» Maximum ground-taxiing weight: MGTW
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
• Table of contents
• Flight operations duties
• European Applicable Regulation
• General
• General aircraft limitations
• Payload Range
• Operating limitations
• In flight performance
• One engine inoperative performance
• Flight planning
• weight and balance
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
Table of Contents
1 - Cruise
2 - Climb
3 - Descent
4 - Holding
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
Table of Contents
1 - Cruise
2 - Climb
3 - Descent
4 - Holding
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
1 - - Direct operating cost
2 - Specific range
3 - All engines operating cruise speeds
4 - Altitude optimisation
5 - Maximum cruise altitude
6 - Buffet limit
7 – ATC requirment
8 - Cruise optimisation
Table of Contents
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
1 - - Direct operating cost
2 - Specific range
3 - All engines operating cruise speeds
4 - Altitude optimisation
5 - Maximum cruise altitude
6 - Buffet limit
7 – ATC requirment
8 - Cruise optimisation
Table of Contents
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
Titre du diagramme
Safety
Respecting official requirements
.Operating rules
.Airworthiness
Economy
Lowering direct operating costs
. Choice of speed
. Choice of flight levels
2 goals
OEI cruise AEO cruise
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
1 - Direct Operating Costs(DOC)
 Direct Operating costs are made of :
 Fixed costs
 cyclic maintenance costs
 airport and en-route taxes
 operating charges, insurance, etc...
 Flight time related costs
 hourly maintenance costs
 crew costs
 Fuel consumption related costs
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
Titre du diagramme
Lower
fuel consumption
Fuel consumption related costs
Lower
flight time
Flight time related costs
Minimize
direct operating
costs
Compromise Time / Fuel
A project supported by AIRBUS and the CAAC
Date of the module
1 - Direct Operating Costs (DOC)
 Specific range study :
　
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