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many airlines have received FAA approval to conduct this
check from inside the aircraft. ASRS reports indicate two problems
with requiring flight crewmembers leave the flight deck to check the
wings. First is the previously cited problem of not being able to see
the wings adequately. The following report highlights the second
potential problem:
Cockpit Distraction
✍ “[After deicing and] approaching Runway 9…sent F/E aft
to inspect wing and control surfaces. Tower cleared [our large
turbojet transport] onto Runway 9 for takeoff. F/E absent.
F/O responded to tower, ‘need 2 minutes.’ Tower responded
with ‘position and hold’…F/E returned with wings clear report
as we positioned on Runway 9…To my best recollection,
[we] received takeoff clearance…
Advanced power toward takeoff thrust. F/O released
brakes. Aircraft moved with slow forward
movement…Then received transmission
from tower…to discontinue takeoff.”
As it turns out, this aircraft had begun an
unauthorized takeoff — a takeoff that risked
collision with a landing aircraft on a onehalf
mile final to an intersecting runway.
In retrospect, the reporters reflected:
“We were busy, occupied with [checking]
deiced surfaces…Crew was trying to get
aircraft out shortly after deicing and was
apparently too centered on that task.”
(ACN 135674)
He’s OK, We’re OK: The Ice-Status Myth
Three reports indicated that some pilots try to
gauge the amount of snow/ice accumulation on
their wings by simply observing the wings of
other aircraft. One of these reporters, a 20,000-
hour air carrier pilot, was deadheading in the
passenger cabin when he learned that his passenger
seat gave him a better vantage point of
the wings than those seats in the cockpit.
✍ “[After deicing] we then took our position
in line and waited perhaps 45 minutes …before
the pilot announced we were number 2
for departure. I…stared closely at both
wings…until I could make out that the wings
were completely covered with a blanket of
snow and ice, or both.”
The airplane was then flown, apparently
without incident, to its destination. But
the reporter decided to ask a few questions.
“As I got off the plane…I asked if the Captain
would…talk to me for a minute…I said that
I just wanted to know how they knew that
they were free of ice and snow without a
crewmember checking. He replied…[that]
they were observing the wings of the aircraft
in front of them, and [that aircraft] was
clean, so [his aircraft] had to be clean,
also…I asked if he would be surprised
to learn that his wings were
completely covered when he
made his takeoff…” The reporter
concluded, “There
would be no way for a crew to
determine their own condition
by trying to see what was
on another plane 150-500 feet
in front of them…Each crew
[should] check [their]
own situation before attempting
takeoff.”
[Emphasis added.]
(ACN 133082)
Issue Number 5 13
Other Findings
Oh, It’s Just a Little Snow
Twelve reports indicated that sometimes pilots
see snow/ice on their aircraft surfaces but erroneously
believe that its amount is inconsequential,
or that it will blow off during taxi or takeoff.
✍ “We elected to taxi out and takeoff believing
the snow would quickly blow off when
the takeoff roll began.” (ACN 194669)
Another pilot report reveals the same line of
thinking:
✍ “It was a dry, powdery snow which would
easily blow off during taxi and takeoff and
not adhere to the wings…We determined we
did not need to get deiced.” (ACN 199436)
In both of these reports, the pilots learned after
takeoff that their assumptions were incorrect.
The safest policy is to have all contamination
removed before takeoff. Often, loose dry snow
will not blow off during takeoff roll but may
instead freeze solidly onto wings. Due to the
venturi effect, airflow accelerating over the
wing’s upper surface will sustain a rapid temperature
drop. Thus, loose snow may be quickly
transformed into frozen wing contamination.
Cocktail Resource Management?
The ASRS receives more than a few reports detailing unusual and interesting events. In the following report, the
flight crew of a U.S. air carrier landed at a Russian airport on a scheduled flight only to find that ice had formed
　
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