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when aircraft hit stationary objects, it is usually
in close proximity to the gate
❖ Reduce distractions. Take your tasks in sequence,
and don’t let a trivial duty interfere
with more important matters
❖ Use caution when taxiing on inactive runways,
especially when they cross an active runway —
they lack the usual taxiway marking such as
hold short lines
❖ While on taxiways, watch carefully for taxiway/
runway hold lines — do not cross them unless
all flight crew members agree that clearance to
enter a runway has been received. Confirm your
right to cross with ATC if there is any doubt
❖ Review the airport chart before landing too.
Use special care where a turnoff taxiway
crosses another runway, be it active or inactive
❖ Use the same caution during the taxi-in to the
gate as you did leaving it. Don’t allow fatigue or
get-home-itis to get in the way. Remember, just
five more minutes or so of alertness will see you
safely home.
Any pilot knows the danger of a midair collision.
But stop and consider this: the likelihood of a
collision with another aircraft, vehicle, pedestrian,
or other object while taxiing is about three times
greater than the chance of striking another
aircraft in flight. Now then, is taxiing as routine as
you may have thought it was?
ASRS Directline Summer 1992 25
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The Aviation Safety Reporting System is a cooperative program established by the
Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of The Assistant Administrator for Aviation Safety,
and administered by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Issue Number 4
■ TCAS II — Genie Out Of The Bottle?
■ The Unexpected Results of “Expect” Clearance Technique
■ The Sterile Cockpit
2 Issue Number 4
Issue Number 4 3
This issue of ASRS Directline, in addition to the normal complement of articles directed to operational audiences,
contains a detailed examination of the current TCAS II implementation and a review of ASRS Database statistical data.
We hope that you are able to make effective use of this information. As with all CALLBACK and Directline materials,
we encourage editorial use, reproduction, and distribution of the articles and information contained within these pages
— we merely ask that you give credit to the ASRS and to the authors, and if possible, that you send us a copy of your
publication so that we may evaluate the effectiveness and usefulness of our efforts.
Here are the subjects of the fourth issue of ASRS Directline.
TCAS II — Genie Out Of The Bottle? by Vincent J. Mellone .................................................. 4
As TCAS II installations in aircraft have increased over the past few years, so have the number
of reports to the ASRS; there is also growing evidence of pilot/controller conflict over the use of
TCAS. Vince Mellone takes a look at both sides of this growing controversy by providing anecdotal
information of TCAS II “saves” and problems, and by examining the findings of a TCAS II “Quick
Response” effort by the ASRS.
The Unexpected Results of “Expect” Clearance Technique by Don George ................ 12
Don George, as PIC (Prisoner-in-Coach) is back, this time to talk about the problems that can
arise when pilots encounter an “expect” clearance situation. Don provides some incident
examples, invites the reader’s analysis of the occurrence, and asks you to compare his analysis
to yours.
The Sterile Cockpit by Robert L. Sumwalt ............................................................................ 18
In 1979 the ASRS published a report on “Distraction — A Human Factor in Air Carrier Hazard
Events,” by Captain William P. Monan. The results of this study led to implementation of the
sterile cockpit rule, which in turn led to reduced numbers of hazards related to cockpit distraction.
Recent ASRS reporting indicates that it is time to revisit sterile cockpit disciplines.
　
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