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c) runway-in-use, altimeter settings, SSR codes, level instructions, heading and speed instructions and, whether issued by the controller
or contained in ATIS broadcasts, transition levels.

Any readback requires a hear-back. In order to complete this “communication loop”, the read-back must be complete and clear. Always
include your call sign. This is the only way to assure that clearances and instructions are well understood. This is essential in all voice
communications.
In case of hold short, crossing, take-off or landing instruction readback, always include the runway designator.
Read back the full clearance. “Roger” is not a readback.

5. Listen on
Listen on the frequency at all times. Try to visualise the other traffic in the vicinity. Know what runways you will encounter between where you are and where you are going. Be particularly attentive to all clearances and instructions issued to traffic involving those runways.

Other communication best practices
1.  
Be extra attentive when another aircraft with similar call sign is on the frequency.

2.  
When instructed to follow other traffic, this does not automatically include the clearance to enter or cross a runway. Each aircraft requires a specific clearance to enter or cross any runway. If in doubt, seek clarification: ASK

3.  
If you are cleared to “line up and wait”, then only a short delay on the runway should be anticipated. If you find yourself in this position for more an extended period, advise about your position and seek clarification: ASK.

4.  
Both pilots should monitor the frequency and agree upon the acceptance of a clearance to taxi, cross a runway, take-off and land on a nominated runway. Any misunderstanding or disagreement should be cleared up immediately by contacting ATC for clarification: ASK.

5.  
The use of headsets increases the readability of communications with ATC and within the flight deck.

6.  
Ensure the correct setting of the audio panel, especially after any temporary switch in audio sources.

 

Situational awareness
Situational awareness is about knowing where you are and where you want to go, as well as building the picture of the traffic in the vicinity. Even during daylight and in good visibility, people get lost. Even worse is the situation where you assume you know your position, but find yourself elsewhere. At times of darkness and low visibility, additional care must be taken to ensure that accuracy in navigation on the ground and the highest degree of situational awareness, is undertaken by all members of the flight crew.
The following check list may assist with maintaining situational awareness:
Before Starting the Approach
◆
Obtain all needed information

◆
Brief planned primary runway exit and taxi route
　
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本文鏈接地址：European Action Plan for the Prevention of Runway Incursions(29)