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After boarding the basket, signal when ready for hoisting with a “thumbs up” motion.  Keep hands and feet inside the basket while being hoisted.  Wait until the basket is brought completely inside the helicopter before attempting to exit the basket.  A sudden movement in attempting to assist the hoisting crew could throw everyone off balance and jeopardize the whole evolution.
 

 
 
Section E. Survival on Land

 
Introduction
 Land survival situations, though rare, may occur.  Equipment usage and procedures for survival on land should be studied.
 
E.1.  Primary Actions
 When forced to land ashore, evacuate the aircraft immediately and take along all of the signaling equipment.  Move upwind of the accident site to remain clear of fumes and other HAZMAT.  Stay away from the aircraft until the engines have cooled and spilled gas has evaporated.
 
E.2.  Injuries
 Check injuries, give first aid, and make any injured survivors comfortable.  Be careful in removing anyone from a crashed aircraft; they may have incurred back injuries or fractures.
 
E.3.  Signals
 Prepare signals that can be recognized from the air (see Section F of Chapter 6).  Check to ensure that your aircraft’s emergency locator transmitter (ELT) has been activated.  If it was not activated by the crash landing, it may be possible to activate it manually.  Round-up all resources, including signaling devices that could be set off when it is apparent that help is near.  Keep calm and prepare to wait for help to arrive.
 
E.4.  Changing Location
 It is usually best to stay at the crash site as the crashed aircraft is usually easier to locate than an individual.  If circumstances are such that crewmembers must move away from the crash site, be sure to leave a note with the date and time, and explain the intended route and destination.
 
E.5.  Loss of Body Heat and Hypothermia
 Loss of body heat and hypothermia can be minimized by the use of layered clothing.  After the potential for a post crash fire has passed, the fuselage of the aircraft can be used for protection from the elements.  The space blanket can be used as a windbreaker, as shelter, or wrapped around the body to contain body heat.  It is important to remain as dry as practicable.  Wet clothing accelerates heat loss.  
 
E.6.  Starting a Fire
 The matches from the waterproof match case may be used to start a fire.  If any fuel is left in the tanks, it may be used, with caution, to help start a fire.  Shredding small branches from dead trees or bushes can create dry kindling.  Although the outside of a branch may be wet from rain or other precipitation, the interior of a dead branch is usually dry.  The fire also provides a signal for search units.  Keep a supply of green branches handy.  If search units are heard in the area, these can be put on the fire to increase the smoke output.  Be careful not to smother the fire in the process.  Rubber, oil, or plastic from the aircraft may also be used to create a smoky fire.
　
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