Points
Figure 9-3. To maintain a straight ground track, use two reference
points in line and at some distance in front of the helicopter.
9-8
track. These reference points should be kept in line
throughout the maneuver. [Figure 9-4]
Begin the maneuver from a normal hovering altitude
by applying cyclic toward the side in which the
movement is desired. As the movement begins, return
the cyclic toward the neutral position to keep the
groundspeed at a slow rate—no faster than a brisk
walk. Throughout the maneuver, maintain a constant
groundspeed and ground track with cyclic. Maintain
heading, which in this maneuver is perpendicular to
the ground track, with the antitorque pedals, and a
constant altitude with the collective. Use the throttle
to maintain the proper operating r.p.m.
To stop the sideward movement, apply cyclic pressure
in the direction opposite to that of movement
and hold it until the helicopter stops. As motion
stops, return the cyclic to the neutral position to
prevent movement in the opposite direction.
Applying sufficient opposite cyclic pressure to
level the helicopter may also stop sideward movement.
The helicopter then drifts to a stop.
COMMON ERRORS
1. Exaggerated movement of the cyclic, resulting in
overcontrolling and erratic movement over the
surface.
2. Failure to use proper antitorque pedal control,
resulting in excessive heading change.
3. Failure to maintain desired hovering altitude.
4. Failure to maintain proper r.p.m.
5. Failure to make sure the area is clear prior to
starting the maneuver.
HOVERING—REARWARD FLIGHT
Rearward hovering flight may be necessary to move the
helicopter to a specific area when the situation is such
that forward or sideward hovering flight cannot be used.
During the maneuver, maintain a constant groundspeed,
altitude, and heading. Due to the limited visibility
behind a helicopter, it is important that you make sure
that the area behind the helicopter is cleared before
beginning the maneuver. Use of ground personnel is recommended.
TECHNIQUE
Before starting rearward hovering flight, pick out two
reference points in front of, and in line with the helicopter
just like you would if you were hovering forward.
[Figure 9-3] The movement of the helicopter
should be such that these points remain in line.
Begin the maneuver from a normal hovering altitude by
applying rearward pressure on the cyclic. After the
movement has begun, position the cyclic to maintain a
slow groundspeed (no faster than a brisk walk).
Throughout the maneuver, maintain constant groundspeed
and ground track with the cyclic, a constant
heading with the antitorque pedals, constant altitude
with the collective, and the proper r.p.m. with the throttle.
To stop the rearward movement, apply forward cyclic
and hold it until the helicopter stops. As the motion
stops, return the cyclic to the neutral position. Also, as
in the case of forward and sideward hovering flight,
opposite cyclic can be used to level the helicopter and
let it drift to a stop.
COMMON ERRORS
1. Exaggerated movement of the cyclic resulting in
overcontrolling and an uneven movement over
the surface.
2. Failure to use the antitorque pedals properly,
resulting in excessive heading change.
3. Failure to maintain desired hovering altitude.
4. Failure to maintain proper r.p.m.
5. Failure to make sure the area is clear prior to
starting the maneuver.
TAXIING
Taxiing refers to operations on, or near the surface of
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