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Optical aids magnify defects that cannot be seen by the unaided eye and also permit visual inspection in inaccessible areas.
Aids such as a powerful flashlight, a mirror with a ball joint and a 2 to 10 power magnifying glass are essential in the inspection process.
Flashlights used for aircraft inspection should be suitable for industrial use and where applicable, safety approved for use in hazardous atmospheres such as aircraft fuel tanks.
Inspection mirrors are used to view areas that are not in the normal line of sight. The mirror should be of appropriate size to easily view the component. The reflecting surface should be free of dirt and defects. Inspection mirrors should be equipped with a swivel joint tight enough to maintain its setting.
Borescopes are used for aircraft and engine maintenance to reduce or eliminate the need for costly tear—downs.
B. Penetrant inspection This method consists in applying a penetrant over the area to be inspected.
The presence of a crack is evidenced when excess penetrant is wiped off and a developer is applied on the surface, the latter acting as a blotter which draws the penetrant out of the defect thereby exposing it to the surface.
Two types of penetrants are used. One contains a dye which forms a colour contrast with the developer, the
other contains a dissolved fluorescent material which makes it visible when exposed to a UV light source.
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NON-DESTRUCTIVE INSPECTION
SERVICING
1. PENETRANT INSPECTION
A. Tools and consumable materials
— Cleaning agent (TB 11-003)
— Fluorescent penetrant materials (TB 05-905F) or equivalent
— Dye penetrant materials (TB 05-905G) or equivalent
— Clean lintfree cloths
— Source of clean compressed air regulated at 29 psi (2 bars)
— Black UV light source, intensity > 1500 p.W/cnn2 at 15 inches (38 cm)
B. Safety precautions
Penetrants contain materials generally considered as non—dangerous if properly handled. Some individuals may experience skin irritation from continual exposure to penetrant materials and should avoid skin contact by wearing protective hand wear.
— Do not smoke or eat while using penetrant inspection materials.
— Wash hands thouroughly after use.
— Avoid clothing contact with penetrant inspection materials.
— Avoid breathing spray mists, free air—borne powder dust and solvent vapors, by providing adequate ventilation away from operator.
— Store all materials in closed containers away from open flames or other sources of heat.
C. Crack detection
1) If necessary, strip the area to be inspected.
　
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