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Checks to confirm the bearing accuracy shall be carried out using suitable test oscillator(s) or portable radio equipment, at previously surveyed ground points around the VDF antenna.
NOTE:  Establishment of accurate test points is necessary in order to provide confidence that the alignment of the VDF is correct prior and subsequent to, flight inspection.
Recommendation: Unless otherwise advised by the VDF manufacturer, ground test points should be located every 10 degrees around the VDF antenna.
Recommendation: Periodic confirmation of the bearing accuracy, using ground checks, should be undertaken in accordance with the equipment manufacturer’s recommendations.
5.3  Checks using Aircraft
5.3.1  The flight calibration aircraft shall complete an orbit of the VDF, measuring the actual magnetic bearing from the VDF, which shall be compared with those indicated by the direction finder display.
NOTE:  It may be necessary to complete orbit flights in both directions in order to eliminate any 'lag error'.
5.3.2  The height and radius for the flight inspection is dependent on the required operational coverage for the VDF. The flight check shall take place at the limit of the required operational coverage and be at an altitude which will maintain radio line of sight, whilst observing any minimum safe altitude criteria.
5.3.3  Where the operational coverage is not specified then the limits of the VDF, with its associated communications equipment, shall be established.
NOTE:  Ground and Air checks may need to be repeated if the equipment is adjusted in order to eliminate errors.
5.3.4  Areas where out of tolerance errors cannot be corrected or where VHF communication was not of sufficient quality shall be subject to further investigation. Any subsequent limitations to coverage shall be published in the UK AIP.
5.4  Approach Procedures
Any proposed VDF Instrument Procedures shall be flown, with confirmation obtained that the indicated bearing is within tolerance throughout the approach.
5.5  Frequencies
5.5.1  The foregoing 'Required Procedures' shall be carried out on the primary VDF frequency.
5.5.2  Bearing accuracy spot checks and full approach procedures shall be carried out on all other communication frequencies associated with the VDF.
5.6  Standby power
Checks at the ground check points shall be repeated using the standby power source, if installed.
6  Site Safeguarding
In the absence of manufacturer’s data, refer to the Technical Safeguarding section, CAP670 Part B, for appropriate guidance.
7  VDF Categorisation
7.1  The results shall be assessed for categorisation using the following criteria. (ICAO Doc. 9426, Air Traffic Services Planning Manual, refers.)
Category Range of Bearing Error
Class A ..2 degrees.
Class B ..5 degrees.
Class C .10 degrees.

7.2  The results and supporting evidence shall then be submitted to ATSD for acceptance and Approval of the facility.
Part C, Section 3 - Surveillance
1 Introduction
Section 3 of Part C contains engineering requirements for surveillance equipment and systems including flight trials. These documents should be used in conjunction with the Generic Requirements and Guidance contained in Part B as appropriate.
2 Scope
The 'SUR' sections cover guidance and requirements for the approval of surveillance systems and associated equipment, including sensors, external monitoring equipment, markers, displays, video maps, and recording. Flight trials are covered by FLI 03. These requirements apply to all surveillance systems in general where appropriate. However, currently, the requirements mostly refer to radar systems. The re-titling of the 'RAD' sections to 'SUR' is a pre-cursor to expanding the scope of these sections to include surveillance systems other than radar. All current CAP 670 SUR sections will be reviewed and updated in a future amendment.
　
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