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freezing point of the fluid is at least 7°C (13°F) below OAT and that
aerodynamic acceptance criteria are met. Consider the use of SAE
Type I when Type II/IV fluid cannot be used.
NOTE: For heated fluids, a fluid temperature not less than 60°C (140°F) at the nozzle is desirable.
Upper temperature limit shall not exceed fluid and aircraft manufacturers recommendations.
CAUTION: WING SKIN TEMPERATURES MAY DIFFER AND IN SOME CASES MAY BE LOWER THAN
OAT. A STRONGER MIX CAN BE USED UNDER THE LATTER CONDITIONS.
CAUTION: AS FLUID FREEZING MAY OCCUR, 50/50 TYPE II OR IV FLUID SHALL NOT BE USED FOR
THE ANTI-ICING STEP OF A COLD-SOAKED WING AS INDICATED BY FROST OR ICE ON
THE LOWER SURFACE OF THE WING IN THE AREA OF THE FUEL TANK.
(1) To be applied before first step fluid freezes, typically within 3 minutes.
(2) Clean aircraft may be anti-iced with unheated fluid.
(3) Concentrations are in percent by volume (%/vol.)
°C = Degrees Celsius / °F = Degrees Fahrenheit / OAT = Outside Air Temperature
CAUTION: SAE TYPE II AND TYPE IV FLUIDS USED DURING GROUND DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING IS NOT INTENDED
FOR AND DOES NOT PROVIDE PROTECTION DURING FLIGHT.
CAUTION: AN INSUFFICIENT AMOUNT OF ANTI-ICING FLUID, ESPECIALLY IN THE SECOND STEP OF A TWOSTEP
PROCEDURE MAY CAUSE A SUBSTANTIAL LOSS OF HOLDOVER TIME, PARTICULARLY WHEN
USING A TYPE I FLUID MIXTURE FOR THE FIRST STEP (DE-ICING).
Quick Reference Handbook
NORMAL PROCEDURES REVISION 8
Page NI - 2 Oct 11/02
Guidelines for Holdover Times Anticipated for SAE
Type I De-icing Fluid Mixtures as a Function of
Weather Conditions and Outside Air Temperature
AFM APPENDIX E
SOURCE DOCUMENTATION: GIV AFM Appendix E, based on FAA
Bulletin No. FSAT 02-05: FAA-Approved Deicing Program (Winter 2002-2003
Update), dated 09/23/02.
CAUTION: THIS TABLE IS FOR USE IN DEPARTURE PLANNING ONLY AND SHOULD BE
USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH PRE-TAKEOFF CHECK PROCEDURES.
OAT Approximate Holdover Times Under Various Weather Conditions: (hours: minutes)
°C °F Frost*
Freezing
Fog
Light
Snow♦♦
Moderate
Snow♦♦
Freezing
Drizzle**
Light
Freezing
Rain
Rain on
Cold
Soaked
Wing
Other‡
-3 and 27 and 0:45 0:11 – 0:17 0:11 – 0:16 0:06 – 0:11 0:09 – 0:13 0:02 – 0:05 0:02 – 0:05
above above
below
-3 to –6
below
27 to 21
0:45 0:08 – 0:14 0:08 – 0:13 0:05 – 0:08 0:070:10 0:02 – 0:05
-7 to –10 20 to 14 0:45 0:06 – 0:10 0:06 – 0:10 0:04 – 0:06 0:05 – 0:08 0:02 – 0:05
below below
-10 14 0:45 0:05 – 0:09 0:04 – 0:06 0:02 – 0:04
CAUTION:
Clear ice
may require
touch for
confirmation.
CAUTION:
No
holdover
time
guidelines
exist.
°C Degrees Celsius OAT Outside Air Temperature
°F Degrees Fahrenheit FP Freezing Point
RESPONSIBILITY FOR APPLICATION OF THESE DATA REMAINS WITH THE USER.
* During conditions that apply to airplane protection for ACTIVE FROST
** Use light freezing rain holdover times if positive identification of freezing drizzle is not possible
‡ Heavy snow, snow pellets, ice pellets, moderate and heavy freezing rain, hail
♦♦ To use these times, the fluid must be heated to a minimum temperature of 60°C (140°F) at the
nozzle and at least 1 liter/M2 (≈ 2 gals/100 ft2) must be applied to deice surface.
SAE Type I fluid/water mixture is selected so that the FP of the mixture is at least 10°C (18°F) below
OAT.
CAUTION: THE TIME OF PROTECTION WILL BE SHORTENED IN HEAVY WEATHER
CONDITIONS. HEAVY PRECIPITATION RATES OR HIGH MOISTURE CONTENT,
HIGH WIND VELOCITY OR JET BLAST WILL REDUCE HOLDOVER TIME BELOW
THE LOWEST TIME STATED IN THE RANGE. HOLDOVER TIME MAY BE
REDUCED WHEN AIRPLANE SKIN TEMPERATURE IS LOWER THAN OAT.
CAUTION: SAE TYPE I FLUID USED DURING GROUND DE-ICING/ANTI-ICING IS NOT
INTENDED FOR AND DOES NOT PROVIDE PROTECTION DURING FLIGHT.
Quick Reference Handbook
REVISION 8 NORMAL PROCEDURES
Oct 11/02 Page NI - 3
Guidelines for Holdover Times Anticipated for SAE
Type II De-icing Fluid Mixtures as a Function of
Weather Conditions and Outside Air Temperature
AFM APPENDIX E
SOURCE DOCUMENTATION: GIV AFM Appendix E, based on FAA
Bulletin No. FSAT 02-05: FAA-Approved Deicing Program (Winter 2002-2003
Update), dated 09/23/02.
CAUTION: THIS TABLE IS FOR USE IN DEPARTURE PLANNING ONLY AND SHOULD BE
USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH PRE-TAKEOFF CHECK PROCEDURES.
OAT
　
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