Flight Operations Briefing Notes
Crosswind Landings

Flight Operations Briefing Note 
Landing Techniques 
Crosswind Landings 
I  Introduction 
Operations in crosswind conditions require strict adherence to applicable crosswind 
limitations or maximum recommended crosswind values, operational recommendations 
and handling techniques, particularly when operating on wet or contaminated runways. 
This Flight Operations Briefing Note provides an overview and discussion of operational 
factors involved in planning and conducting the approach and flare under crosswind 
conditions, particularly on a contaminated runway. 
The Flight Operations Briefing Note Landing on Wet or Contaminated Runway provides 
expanded information on operations on wet or contaminated runways. 
II  Statistical Data 
Adverse wind conditions (i.e., strong crosswinds, tail winds and wind shear) are 
involved in 33 % of approach-and-landing accidents. 
Crosswind in association with runway condition is a circumstantial factor in nearly 70 % 
of runway excursion events. 
85 % of crosswind incidents and accidents occur at landing. 
(Source: Flight Safety Foundation Flight Safety Digest Volume 17 & 18 – November 1998 / February 1999). 
III  Runway Condition and Maximum Recommended Crosswind 
The maximum demonstrated crosswind and maximum computed crosswind, discussed 
in Flight Operations Briefing Note Understanding Forecast / ATC / Aircraft Wind Information 
are applicable only on dry or wet runway. 

Flight Operations Briefing Notes
Crosswind Landings
On a runway contaminated with standing water, slush, snow or ice, a maximum recommended crosswind is defined (Table 1), depending on:
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