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The European Commission stresses that the EU air transport policy has to recognise the specificities of GA and BA, which, it notes, together, makes up a "very diverse sector, which greatly differs from the wider airline industry. These activities mainly involve small and medium-sized enterprises or not-for¬profit organisations relying on volunteers. Very often these organisations or small firms have limited resources to keep up with changes in regulatory or technical requirements."
A concrete example of this recognition is that on 27 0ctober 2008 the Com¬mission adopted two regulations (which entered into force on 29 0ctober in all Member States) revising the require¬ments for continuing airworthiness of aircraft not involved in commercial air transport. It said that after extensive consultations it had determined "that the current provisions... are too stringent for aircraft not involved in commercial air transport, and in particular for aircraft that are not classified as 'complex motor powered aircraft'." It said that, in line with the principle of proportionality, the new regulations took account of the "complexity of different categories of aircraft and types of operations while en¬suring a uniform and high level of safety across the EU".
The two regulations are on the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical products, parts and appli¬ances, and on the approval of organisa¬tions and personnel involved in these tasks (EC 1056/2008) and concerning the Airworthiness Review Certificate (EC 1057/2008). This sort of recognition will go some way to assisting the GA and BA communities in preparing for the future without incurring too many costs, which they are unable to meet.
 
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LGS, the Latvian Air Navigation
Service Provider (ANSP), is regulated by, but operationally independent
of, the Latvian Civil Aviation Agency (LCAA) and operates within the auspices of the Ministry of Transport. Its main task is to optimise airspace utilisation, provide effective and reliable air navigation services as well as prioritise the required fl ight safety standards. Its aim is to provide a high-quality service in the most cost-effective way.
LGS is responsible for the provision of Air Traffi c Management (ATM), including Air Traffi c Services (ATS)
throughout Latvian airspace (Riga FIR), serving both civil and military aviation. The organisation’s major revenue source is from the air navigation charges for the services it provides, and it, therefore, receives no state subsidy. Moreover, LGS is one of the largest taxpayers in Latvia.
Latvian Air Navigation Services
(ANS) and infrastructure have
been carefully developed, according to ICAO recommendations and EUROCONTROL guidance. Full-scale modernisation has been completed and LGS now operates effi ciently and
autonomously, meeting airspace users’ expectations and requirements.
 
ATRACC (Air Traffi c Riga Area Control Centre) comprises an ATM system for tower, approach and area control of the Riga FIR. It also includes multi-radar tracking, advanced fl ight¬plan data integration, predicted fl ight trajectories, OLDI (On-Line Data Interchange), silent co-ordination
and paperless HMI (Human Machine Interfaces). In addition, Monitoring aids (MONA), Medium-Term Confl ict Detection (MTCD), Short Term Confl ict Alert (STCA), Minimum
Safe Altitude Warning (MSAW) and Area Proximity Warning (APW) are functional components of the system.
The main features of ATRACC
are transparency, a high degree of expandability and upgradeability and the implementation of advanced and further advanced functionality. Furthermore, the workforce is a crucial part of LGS operations and development. From the outset, LGS
has implemented a wide-scale training programme with a full range of professional courses, including English¬anguage and management training. GS now boasts an employee team
　
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本文鏈接地址：EUROCONTROL EBAA IAOPA Yearbook 2009: The Business of Flying(53)