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B. The ICAO Response
Recommended Practices (SARPs) of Annex 17 – Security and related provisions of other Annexes, as well as adherence to ICAO guidance material.
As for ICAO’s involvement and contribution, the Organization was requested to establish an ICAO Aviation Security Follow-up Programme and seek addi-tional resources, similar to the USOAP Follow-up Programme of the Technical Co-operation Bureau, to enable States to obtain technical cooperation in the preparation of necessary documentation and in resource mobilization for aviation security. It was felt that one of the ways in which this could be achieved was by ICAO promoting the use of the ICAO Objectives Implementation Mechanism as a means for States to obtain technical cooperation, as required for the recti.cation of de.ciencies identi.ed during aviation security evaluations and audits and urgently pursuing the development and implementation of an International Financial Facility for Aviation Safety (IFFAS),4
to encompass not only safety but also security. Another signi.cant function of ICAO was to elaborate on its policy and guidance material on cost recovery of security services, notably to include development of policy and guidance material on cost recovery, through charges, of security mea-sures with regard to air navigation services and explore the issue of using security charges as a means of recovering the cost of ICAO assistance when it is provided to States for security development projects.
II. Post Conference Work
In furtherance to the recommendations of the Conference, the ICAO Secretariat initiated an aviation security plan of action which was aimed at reviewing legal instruments, in particular the enhancement of Annex 17 – Security – Safeguarding International Civil Aviation against Acts of Unlawful Interference to the Conven-tion on International Civil Aviation (the work undertaken by the AVSEC Panel and the latest Amendment 10 to Annex 17) and introduction or strengthening of security-related provisions in other Annexes to the Convention (Annex 1 – Person-nel Licensing, Annex 6 – Operation of Aircraft, Annex 8 – Airworthiness of Aircraft, Annex 9 – Facilitation, Annex 11 – Air Traf.c Services, Annex 14 – Aerodromes and Annex 18 – The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air). The plan of action also envisioned reinforcing AVSEC Mechanism activities, notably in the preparation of security audits and in undertaking immediate/urgent assistance to States, and expediting work on improving technical speci.cations relating to and further implementing the use of Machine Readable Travel Documents (MRTDs), biometric identi.cation and travel document security and improving border security systems. The reviewing of certain Procedures for Air Navigation Services (PANS) and revision of relevant ICAO manuals and other guidance
4For detailed information on the proposed International Financial Facility for Aviation Safety, see, Abeyratne (2000, pp. 383–407).
material including further development of Aviation Security Training Packages (ASTPs), training programmes, workshops, seminars, as well as assistance to States through ICAO’s technical co-operation programme are also on the programme of implementation.
At that time, ICAO considered the development and execution of a comprehen-sive and integrated ICAO AVSEC Plan of Action as its highest priority. It is no less important to ICAO at the present time. The success of this Plan of Action was to be measured over a long period as the improvements expected in Contracting States would require an intensive and continuous worldwide commitment. It was expected that the full and active participation of all Contracting States, as well as all technical and deliberative bodies of ICAO, was essential for the achievement of concrete results within an acceptable period of time.
The aviation security plan of action of ICAO was to focus on the development of new training and guidance material on National Quality Control (NQC), System Testing, Auditors, audit guidelines and forms, including urgent distribution to all States, including training and certi.cation of international auditors through the existing ICAO Aviation Security Training Centres (ASTCs) network, which was to be reinforced and expanded where required. It was also expected to include undertaking universal, mandatory and regular AVSEC audits to assess the level of implementation and enforcement by States of SARPs contained in Annex 17, together with the assessment of security measures undertaken and, on a sample basis, at airport level for each State. ICAO would maintain an ICAO AVSEC .ndings database would be maintained. The creation of Aviation Security Regional Units (ASRUs) functionally linked to the AVSEC Mechanism, to be urgently implemented in Africa, the Middle East, Eastern Europe, the Americas and Asia and Paci.c, in order to coordinate the execution of AVSEC Mechanism activities and provide direct assistance to States was also be a feature of the plan.
　
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