Supplementary performance calculations
The system makes several performance calculations such as :
-calculation of aircraft weight and center of gravity
-management of fuel, taking into account reserves, alternate destination and hold, as provided by the fuel policy of each airline
-evaluation of cost difference between a flight at constant cruise level and a flight including an intermediate change of cruise level (step-climb or step-descent)
-calculation of optimum and maximum flight altitudes
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-same prediction and management calculations for the fuel on the secondary flight plan
-specific calculations in the event of engine failure.
(e) Management of displays (Ref. Fig. 010) The flight management system displays information required for the definition and follow-up of the flight plan: - on the MCDU 1 and 2 - on the NDs - on the PFDs.
1_ Displays on the MCDU 1 and 2:
- flight plan (waypoints, altitude procedure and estimations,
speed, time, wind, fuel)
- constraints of the flight plan
- condition of the aircraft (absolute or relative position
with respect to reference marks, weight, estimated center of
gravity)
- condition of the system (navigation accuracy, performance
mode...)
- flight phases and associated performance data
- navaids used
- all supplementary performance calculations.
2_ Displays on the NDs:
- aircraft position (identified by a symbol) and deviation
with respect to the followed track
- flight plans (active or secondary) defined as a function of
scale and commands selected on the FCU
- pseudo waypoints
- various parameters (selected on the FCU by means of CSTR,
WPT, VOR.D, NDB and ARPT pushbutton switches):
. constraints of the flight plan, or
. waypoints other than those of the active flight plan, or
. navaids not displayed with the flight plan, or
. NDB beacons, or
. airports other than those of the active flight plan.
- VOR and/or NDB beacons selected
- flight management information messages.
3_ Displays on the PFDs
These messages are given to the crew for the follow-up of the
flight plan:
- SET VFTO, DECELERATE ...
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AFS - Display of Flight Management Information
Figure 010
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They indicate the lateral and vertical deviations with respect to the flight plan during an NDB, VOR or RNAV approach (as an alternative to ILS deviations). The altitude deviation with respect to the descent profile is also displayed during the descent.
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_____________________________________________________________
1. General
_______
(Ref. Fig. 001)
The Auto Flight System (AFS) installed on the aircraft is made up of two
R types of computers:
-
the Flight Management and Guidance Computer (FMGC)
-
the Flight Augmentation Computer (FAC)
and two control units:
-
the Flight Control Unit (FCU)
-
the Multipurpose Control and Display Unit (MCDU).
The functions of the FMGC are:
-autopilot (AP)
-flight director (FD)
-automatic thrust control (A/THR)
-flight management.
The functions of the FAC are:
-yaw damper
-
rudder trim
-
rudder travel limiting
-calculation of the characteristic speeds and flight envelope monitoring
-acquisition of the yaw AP order.
The MCDUs linked to the FMGCs enable:
-
the introduction and the modification of the flight plan
-
the display, the selection and the modification of the parameters
associated with the flight management function.
The FCU is used for:
-
the engagement of the AP/FD and A/THR systems
-
the selection of flight parameters (altitude, speed/Mach, vertical speed/flight path angle, heading/track)
-
the selection of AP/FD modes.
The autopilot (AP) and the flight director (FD) functions are:
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