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21st century.
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To find out more about New Technologies in Spain, visit:
www.technologyreview.com/spain/aero
As Spain has grown economically in recent decades, its aerospace
industry has taken flight. Buoyed by an unusually
strong investment in research, and by local representation
from major international aerospace companies, smaller
engineering, design, and technology companies have formed
and grown to support the aviation and space sectors. Spanish
firms have particularly advanced in the area of carbon fiber
composites, a growing field in the push to decrease the weight
and increase the efficiency of aircraft. At the same time, university
research has increased in partnership with private
companies to meet the needs of the aerospace industry in
Spain and around the world.
History
Spaniards began taking to the air in the early part of the 20th
century. Aeronautical engineer and pilot Juan de la Cierva
invented the autogiro, a type of aircraft, in 1919. He continued
experimenting for four years and eventually flew the
world’s first stable rotary-wing aircraft, the forerunner of
today’s helicopter.
Shortly thereafter, in March 1923, José Ortiz de Echagüe,
the third Spaniard to be issued a pilot’s license and the first
Spaniard to fly a military plane, joined forces with colleagues
to found CASA (Construcciones Aeronáuticas Sociedad
Anónima), one of the country’s first aviation companies.
They built a production plant at Getafe near Madrid that same
year and began construction of military aircraft. By the 1930s
the company had begun developing its own models.
After the Second World War and through the 1970s, CASA
established itself as a leader in transport aircraft. By the 1980s
it had produced a popular design, the C-212, that it exported to
air forces around the world.
Spain’s Aerospace Industry
The aerospace industry has grown dramatically in Spain in recent years as local companies have contributed to projects
both in Spain and abroad. Spanish industry provides cutting-edge technology which enables its companies to expand
internationally. This is the fifth in an eight-part series highlighting new technologies in Spain and is produced by
Technology Review, Inc.’s custom-publishing division in partnership with the Trade Commission of Spain.
www.technologyreview.com/spain/aero S1
Spanish companies are innovating in space
research—for example, developing improvements
in satellite control systems.
photo courtesy of esa
In 1971, Spain, through CASA,
became part of the Airbus consortium,
responsible for the design and manufacture
of specific structural components,
including horizontal tail units, fuselage
sections, access doors, and landing-gear
doors. In 1999, CASA became one of the
founding members of the European
Aerospace Defense and Space Company
(EADS), together with the German company
DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG
and the French company Aerospatiale
Matra. EADS includes Airbus and
Eurocopter,
the world’s largest helicopter
supplier, and is one of the largest
suppliers for the European satellite navigation
system, Galileo.
Recently, the entire landing gear for
EADS-Airbus planes such as the 380
has been produced in Spain. In addition,
since the 1970s CASA has been
involved in space programs, producing
parts and modules for launchers, satellites,
and the International Space
Station. EADS-CASA remains a major
provider of airlift and transport aircraft,
such as the CN-235 for the U.S. Coast
Guard. The Airbus plant in Seville
houses the final assembly line for a
modern military airlifter, the A400,
which replaces older planes like the C-
130 Hercules and provides twice the
load and volume.
Today, EADS-CASA, Airbus, and
Eurocopter all have strong representation
in the Spanish aerospace industry and in
fact have driven the creation of literally
hundreds of smaller engineering, design,
and manufacturing companies around
Spain. At the same time, other companies
have grown to play a strong role in the
aerospace industry both in Spain and
overseas, meeting the industry’s demands
and creating solutions to pressing aeronautical
problems.
Carbon Fiber
One of the most significant goals in the
international aeronautics industry today
is increasing efficiency and thus reducing
the use of fuel, which would save on high
　
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